Search bioRxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/bioRxiv

bioRxiv · 10.1101/2022.09.21.508847

Efficient estimation of time-dependent functional connectivity using Structural Connectivity constraints

Hernandez, H.·Araya, D.·Gonzalez, L. L.·Roman, C.·Trujillo-Barreto, N.·Guevara, P.·El-Deredy, W.
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Multivariate autoregressive models [MAR] allows estimating effective brain connectivity by considering both power and phase fluctuations of the signals involved. A MAR models brain activity in one region as a linear combination of past activations in all other regions. A Hidden Markov model, HMM, whose states emisions are drawn from state-specific MARs, can then be used to model fast switching of effective brain connectivity over time. However, the large number of MAR parameters, impede the accurate and efficient estimation of such models from neuroimaging timeseries with limited length. We propose a new model for inferring time-dependent effective brain connectivity by using a sparse MAR parameterisation to model the states emisions of a Hidden Semi-Markov Model, HsMM-MAR-AC. The sparse MAR model parameters are restricted by Anatomical Connectivity information in two ways: direct effective connectivity between two regions is only considered if the corresponding structural link/connection exists; and the time-lag associated with each direct connection is computed based on the average fibre length between the two regions, such that only one lag per connection is estimated. We simulated ground truth time-dependent brain connectivity states by generating time-series of 4 to 10 minutes sampled at 5ms, from switching Resting State Networks with a reference structural connectivity, and evaluated the accuracy of the new model in recovering the simulated Brain connectivity States against different levels of connectivity thresholding above and below the reference. We show that even when restricting the MAR to half of the reference connections, the model was able to recover the number of brain states, the associated connectivity features and their dynamics, with as little data as 4 mins. More relaxed structural connectivity thresholds required longer data to estimate the model accurately, and became computationally unfeasible without anatomical restrictions. HsMM-MAR-AC offers an efficient algorithm for estimating time-depend Effective Connectivity (tdEC) from neuroimaging data, that exploits the advantages of MAR without identifiability problems, excessive demand on data collection, or unnecessary computational complexity.

Explore related subjects

bioinformaticsPreprint

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Hernandez, H., Araya, D., Gonzalez, L. L., Roman, C., Trujillo-Barreto, N., Guevara, P., El-Deredy, W.. 2022-09-22. Efficient estimation of time-dependent functional connectivity using Structural Connectivity constraints. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.21.508847

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related preprints

bioRxiv2026

spatialMET: an open and scalable framework for spatial metabolomics analysis

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables spatially resolved metabolomics in intact tissue sections, but analysis remains challenging at scale. Existing MSI workflows often require users to combine multiple software tools, while others rely on proprietary vendor software that limits interoperability and reproducibility. To address these challenges, we developed spatialMET, an open-source framework that provides an end-to-end workflow for MSI analysis. spatialMET provides a unified platform for preprocessing, spatial domain detection, and visualization. Downstream analyses include differential abundance testing, spatial autocorrelation and gradient analysis, dimensionality reduction, and correlation network analysis. Spatial domain detection uses hcdist, a C-based hierarchical clustering implementation that substantially reduces runtime and memory use relative to existing R-based approaches. spatialMET can be run through an interactive R Shiny application or as a standalone command-line workflow for larger datasets or high-performance computing environments. Applied to mouse small cell lung cancer MALDI-MSI data containing 284,673 pixels, spatialMET identified tumor-associated, stromal, and adjacent lung spatial domains that aligned with matched histology. Differential abundance analysis identified 117 m/z features that differed between tumor and stromal regions, while spatial autocorrelation analyses revealed spatially structured abundance patterns. Applying spatialMET to mouse lung adenocarcinoma data from an entire lung lobe containing 338,477 pixels further demonstrated scalability and captured spatial heterogeneity across tumor and surrounding lung tissue. In summary, spatialMET provides a scalable, open-source framework for end-to-end spatial metabolomics analysis, and it is distributed as a Docker container for reproducible deployment. Source code and installation instructions are available at https://github.com/biodatalab/spatialMET.

bioinformatics↗
bioRxiv2026

Probing the transcriptome response to shivering in skeletal muscle using a multilayered bioinformatics approach

Cold acclimation holds therapeutic potential for improving metabolic health. We previously demonstrated that repeated cold-induced shivering enhances insulin sensitivity in humans. However, the molecular pathways that underlie the skeletal muscle shivering response, and how these relate to beneficial physiological effects, remain poorly understood. In this study, we combined complementary bioinformatics approaches to allow in-depth analysis of the transcriptomic response of human skeletal muscle to repeated shivering. We identified a robust transcriptional signature and show a sex-specific component in the shivering skeletal muscle response, which seemed to diminish following cold adaptation. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into cold-induced muscle adaptations, shed light on potential interesting molecular targets for further investigation, and emphasize the importance of including both sexes in future cold acclimation studies.

bioinformatics↗
bioRxiv2026

An Information Geometry approach to model topological trajectories and Gene Expression Radius from UMAP geometry.

Understanding the relationship between gene expression dynamics and cellular identity remains a central challenge in single cell biology. Here, we introduce a novel computational and mathematical framework that integrates information geometry, fuzzy topology, and UMAP analysis to model gene expression landscapes derived from single cell RNA sequencing data. We formalize gene expression data as a fuzzy topological space, where interactions between expression points are governed by probabilistic distributions inspired by manifold learning approaches such as UMAP. Within this framework, we define an information geometric structure through a Fisher metric induced by these distributions, enabling the computation of geodesic trajectories that capture cellular differentiation processes. A key contribution of this work is the derivation of analytical conditions, expressed as expression radius formulas, that characterize local neighborhoods in gene expression space. These conditions allow for the identification of genes associated with stem cell states and predictions in transitional cell types in future work. Application of the proposed framework to single cell datasets reveals biologically meaningful gene sets enriched in key regulatory pathways and transcription factors, demonstrating the capacity of our approach to uncover latent structure in complex gene expression data. Our results suggest that integrating differential geometry with statistical learning theory offers a powerful paradigm for modeling genotype and phenotype relationships and cellular state transitions, with potential implications for precision medicine and systems biology.

bioinformatics↗