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bioRxiv · 10.64898/2026.03.30.715208

Near-complete, haplotype-resolved genome assembly of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Hess, F.·Chen, Y.·Lopez Ortiz, M. E.·Colliquet, A.·Stoffel-Studer, I.·Mac, V.·Grob, S.·Koelliker, R.·Studer, B.
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Abstract

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is a globally cultivated pseudocereal with a high nutritional quality and economic value. Due to its self-incompatibility, common buckwheat exhibits a high level of heterozygosity, making genome assembly challenging. Consequently, reference-level haplotype-resolved assemblies of common buckwheat are scarce, hindering research and genomics-assisted breeding. Here, we present a near-complete, chromosome-level, haplotype-resolved assembly of a common buckwheat F1 genotype (named Tuka), generated using a trio-binning approach that integrated parental Illumina short-read data with PacBio HiFi and Hi-C data from Tuka. The Tuka assembly comprises two haplomes, Tuka_h1 and Tuka_h2, both showing high contiguity (contig N50 of 76.68 Mb and 84.57 Mb, respectively), high completeness (assembly sizes of 1.28 Gb and 1.23 Gb with BUSCO scores of 96.9% and 96.8%, respectively), high base-level accuracy (QV of 59.08 and 63.03, respectively), and few gaps (35 and 30, respectively). This near-complete assembly of Tuka serves as a valuable genomic resource for common buckwheat, enabling advanced genomic analyses and accelerating research and breeding using state-of-the-art genomic tools.

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Hess, F., Chen, Y., Lopez Ortiz, M. E., Colliquet, A., Stoffel-Studer, I., Mac, V., Grob, S., Koelliker, R., Studer, B.. 2026-04-01. Near-complete, haplotype-resolved genome assembly of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.03.30.715208

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