Brain-based ranking of cognitive domains to predict schizophrenia

Karrer, T. M.; Bassett, D. S.; Derntl, B.; Gruber, O.; Aleman, A.; Jardri, R.; Laird, A. R.; Fox, P.; Eickhoff, S. B.; Grisel, O.; Varoquaux, G.; Thirion, B.; Bzdok, D.

doi:10.1101/390179

bioRxiv · 10.1101/390179

Brain-based ranking of cognitive domains to predict schizophrenia

Karrer, T. M.·Bassett, D. S.·Derntl, B.·Gruber, O.·Aleman, A.·Jardri, R.·Laird, A. R.·Fox, P.·Eickhoff, S. B.·Grisel, O.·Varoquaux, G.·Thirion, B.·Bzdok, D.

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Abstract

Schizophrenia is a devastating brain disorder that disturbs sensory perception, motor action, and abstract thought. Its clinical phenotype implies dysfunction of various mental domains, which has motivated a series of theories regarding the underlying pathophysiology. Aiming at a predictive benchmark of a catalogue of cognitive functions, we developed a bottom-up machine-learning strategy and provide a proof of principle in a multi-site clinical dataset (n=324). Existing neuroscientific knowledge on diverse cognitive domains was first condensed into neuro-topographical maps. We then examined how the ensuing meta-analytic cognitive priors can distinguish patients and controls using brain morphology and intrinsic functional connectivity. Some affected cognitive domains supported well-studied directions of research on auditory evaluation and social cognition. However, rarely suspected cognitive domains also emerged as disease-relevant, including self-oriented processing of bodily sensations in gustation and pain. Such algorithmic charting of the cognitive landscape can be used to make targeted recommendations for future mental health research.

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Karrer, T. M., Bassett, D. S., Derntl, B., Gruber, O., Aleman, A., Jardri, R., Laird, A. R., Fox, P., Eickhoff, S. B., Grisel, O., Varoquaux, G., Thirion, B., Bzdok, D.. 2018-08-13. Brain-based ranking of cognitive domains to predict schizophrenia. https://doi.org/10.1101/390179

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