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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2025.11.23.690044

Quantitative Dual Predation by a Wild-type Bdellovibrio-like Organism and Lytic Bacteriophage Reveals Host-Specific Synergy

Forteza, I. L.·Subong, B. J.·Hessari-Bahrami, M.
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Abstract

Bacteriophages and wild-type Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs) are key microbial predators that influence bacterial population turnover, yet their potential synergy during co-infection remains poorly characterized. Here, we quantified dual predation by a wildtype BALO isolate (EMS) and a lytic phage (M7f) against Aeromonas sobria and Escherichia coli using synchronized single-cycle infections. Colony-forming units (CFU), plaque-forming units (PFU), and optical density (OD600) were monitored over time, supported by Bliss independence modeling and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Dual predation did not accelerate lysis onset but increased the magnitude of prey clearance by approximately 2-3-fold in E. coli relative to single-predator treatments. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed co-infection, revealing phage particles adsorbed to prey cells containing BALO-induced bdelloplasts. Together, these findings show that wild-type predators complementary infection modes, rapid phage lysis and slower BALO periplasmic invasion, create host-specific synergy. This quantitative framework offers mechanistic insights into natural co-predation and underscores the potential of integrated predator systems for microbial control.

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Forteza, I. L., Subong, B. J., Hessari-Bahrami, M.. 2025-11-25. Quantitative Dual Predation by a Wild-type Bdellovibrio-like Organism and Lytic Bacteriophage Reveals Host-Specific Synergy. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.11.23.690044

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