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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2025.09.24.678403

EMS hypothesis of Macroevolution

Yang, X. G.
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Abstract

AbstractionStarting from the unified topological geometric analysis framework of four ecosystem organization rules, including the Klebers 3/4 law, population -3/2 self-thinning law, ecological niche theory, and community neutrality principle, Ecosystem Metabolic Self-organization (EMS) is defined as a process in which individual or characteristic individual in group spontaneously construct their biological space in a three-dimensional resource space, within the redefined framework of ecosystem metabolic network. Under the conditions of metabolic steady (or metabolic conservation), resource diffusion dimension (D) and metabolic network dimension (D+1), which together define the biological space by at most three space parameters (x, y, z) and one direct parameter (d), unified the topological geometry principle and metabolic scaling function of the four rules, B{propto}MD/D+1. The results indicated that EMS follows a Fibonacci sequence (f(n), n) evolution law at kingdom level, from neutral system (prokaryote 1, 1), niche system (unicellular eukaryote 1, 2), modular similarity system (plant 2, 3), to internal metabolic system (animal 3, 4), as indicated by (D, D+1). Further derivation revealed the positions of superbody system (fungi 5, 5) and primitive soup system (0, 0) in this evolutionary sequence. Thus, a conceptual model of macroevolution with the connotation of metabolism co-evolution between life and ecosystem was proposed. This article took the four principles of ecosystem organization as theory prototypes and the analysis paradigm of biological space developed by metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) as referential methodology. It preliminarily constructed the logical, conceptual, and methodological system of EMS hypothesis, and provided a deducible Fibonacci roadmap for macroevolution. In any case, macroevolution should be simple and beautiful, just as the model of nature. O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=128 SRC="FIGDIR/small/678403v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (25K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@564071org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@a0c62borg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1326eecorg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@104997_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG

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Yang, X. G.. 2025-09-29. EMS hypothesis of Macroevolution. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.24.678403

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