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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2025.08.26.672385

Niche Net Based Dissection of CD14+ Monocyte Crosstalk with Memory CD4+ T Cells in Human PBMCs

kota, t.
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Abstract

Intercellular communication between monocytes and T cells is essential for immune regulation within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). To examine how CD14+ monocytes regulate memory CD4+ T cells at the gene expression level, we applied NicheNet to PBMC single-cell RNA-seq data. We performed quality control, normalization, principal component analysis, and UMAP-based visualization. CD14+ monocytes and memory CD4+ T cells were identified by canonical markers and designated as sender and receiver populations, respectively. NicheNet analysis revealed both classical cytokine signaling and checkpoint-like interactions. Prominent ligands included TNF, IFNG, IL10, and CXCL9, predicted to regulate inflammatory target genes through receptors such as TNFRSF1A/B and CXCR3. In addition, the SIRPG-CD47 axis emerged as a potential costimulatory pathway modulating T cell responses. These results suggest that monocytes regulate memory CD4+ T cells via a combination of inflammatory, costimulatory, and regulatory signals, providing mechanistic hypotheses for immune modulation in health and disease.

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kota, t.. 2025-08-31. Niche Net Based Dissection of CD14+ Monocyte Crosstalk with Memory CD4+ T Cells in Human PBMCs. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.26.672385

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