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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2025.02.21.639413

Lifespan Mapping of EEG Source Spectral Dynamics with Xi-AlphaNET

Reyes, R. G.·Gonzales, A. A.·Wang, Y.·Jin, Y.·Minati, L.·Valdes-Sosa, P. A.
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Abstract

We introduce{xi} - Net, a mesoscale generative model of cortical activity that models the EEG aperiodic ({xi}) and -rhythm () components via Hida-Matern processes constrained by anatomical connectivity and interareal delays. This framework integrates fractional differential equations (modeling damping/resonance), decomposition of Spectral Granger Causality, and lifespan quantification. Bayesian inversion of the model, on cross-spectral rsEEG data from 1,965 participants aged 5-100 years (HarMNqEEG dataset), allows us to estimate cortical activity and effective connectivity patterns at 8,003-voxel resolution.{xi} processes showed extended cortical networks, with occurrence probability increasing with age but amplitude peaking midlife (inverted-U trajectory). processes exhibited a localization in the posterior areas of the cortex and two specialized networks (parieto-occipital, sensorimotor), with increasing localization probability and peak amplitude/frequency showing age-linked inverted-U trajectory. The model uniquely estimates global conduction delays, which are negatively correlated with frequency and independent myelin concentration profiles, mechanistically linking neural propagation times to regulation.

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Reyes, R. G., Gonzales, A. A., Wang, Y., Jin, Y., Minati, L., Valdes-Sosa, P. A.. 2025-02-25. Lifespan Mapping of EEG Source Spectral Dynamics with Xi-AlphaNET. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.21.639413

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