Search bioRxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/bioRxiv

bioRxiv · 10.1101/2024.09.11.612535

Glyco-phenotyping of mutants of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei by lectin microarray

Suzuki, E.·Serata, M.·Sako, T.·Sato, S.·Iino, T.·Tateno, H.·Hirabayashi, J.
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We previously identified a gene cluster of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (YIT 9029) for cell surface long-chain polysaccharides (LCPS-1) biosynthesis, which modulates YIT 9029 activity to induce cytokine production in immune cells, and showed that a lectin microarray can be useful for distinguishing the profile of bacterial cell-surface polysaccharide (PS) structures. Therefore, we isolated disruptive mutant strains of 51 genes predicted to be involved in cell wall PS biosynthesis in YIT 9029. Their binding profiles to lectins in conjunction with their binding abilities to YIT 9029-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) were compared. The mutants defective in binding to the MAb all had defects within the cps1 gene cluster. Some mutants partially bound to MAb, indicating that these genes may influence the synthesis and maturation of LCPS-1. Advanced lectin microarray analyzed the cell surface glycosylation properties of YIT 9029 and its mutants. YIT 9029 bound to a rhamnose-specific lectin CSA, and three additional lectins including an O-glycan binder (rDiscoidin II) and two mannose binders (rOrysata and rBanana). Lectin binding specificity was confirmed by a gene complementation assay for the cps1C gene and a carbohydrate inhibition assay. When the binding profiles of individual cps1A through cps1J knockout mutants were compared, typical and specific binding profiles patterns were observed, in which some similarities in the functions of each gene could be predicted. In conclusion, the combined use of lectin microarray and a YIT 9029 mutant strain library is a powerful tool for identifying unknown bacterial gene functions related to cell surface glycome. IMPORTANCEPreviously, only a limited number of methods have been available for studying mutations in bacterial cell surface polysaccharide structures in relation to gene function. In this study, we focused on the lectin-binding properties of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei YIT 9029 (wild-type; WT) and investigated the lectin-binding capabilities of 51 cell wall biosynthesis gene disruption strains using lectin microarrays. The results indicated that lectin-binding properties in gene-disrupted strains varied significantly with the presence or absence of LCPS-1, ranging from similar to WT to distinctly different. The use of lectin microarrays in conjunction with the YIT 9029 mutant library has been shown to be a highly effective method for identifying the functions of unknown bacterial genes related to cell-surface glycomes. This innovative approach to glycophenotyping allows for the determination of cell wall glycomes associated with bacterial gene functions using lectin microarrays.

Explore related subjects

microbiologyPreprint

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Suzuki, E., Serata, M., Sako, T., Sato, S., Iino, T., Tateno, H., Hirabayashi, J.. 2024-09-12. Glyco-phenotyping of mutants of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei by lectin microarray. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.11.612535

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related preprints

bioRxiv2026

Matrix-controlled emergence of biofilm architecture shapes antimicrobial survival

Biofilms are structured microbial communities whose extracellular matrix is widely regarded as a basis of their protection against antimicrobial compounds. Yet how matrix production by individual bacteria gives rise to collective architecture and antimicrobial protection remains poorly understood. Here, we systematically varied expression of the master biofilm regulator csgD in Salmonella enterica and found that increasing matrix production reorganizes biofilms from dense, isotropic packings into sparse, nematically aligned communities by altering cell-cell interactions. By combining experimentally measured biofilm architectures with reaction-diffusion modeling, we show that these structural changes produce distinct patterns of antimicrobial killing, ranging from preferential killing near the liquid-biofilm interface to more uniform killing throughout the community. Consequently, increasing matrix production unexpectedly reduces antimicrobial survival by shifting the biofilm into different transport regimes, while strain-specific physiological differences further modulate antimicrobial depletion. Rather than acting as a passive barrier, EPS therefore shapes antimicrobial susceptibility by reorganizing biofilm architecture and its transport properties. EPS thus provides a physical link between molecular regulation, collective architecture and antimicrobial survival, providing a quantitative framework for understanding how cellular matrix production generates emergent biofilm function.

microbiology↗
bioRxiv2026

Mapping virulence-associated protein interaction networks reveals regulators of thermotolerance in Cryptococcus neoformans

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) influence critical biological processes in pathogenic microorganisms, such as the human fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans. Fungal thermotolerance and stress response pathways are key virulence determinants that directly impact pathogen adaptation and survival and the infection process. To establish a comprehensive baseline of PPIs in C. neoformans and explore these interactions to infer functional roles for uncharacterized proteins, we applied size exclusion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to the secreted and cellular proteomes of the fungi. As a result, 216 and 1699 unique proteins were identified across 24 secretome and proteome fractions, respectively. The predicted secretome networks included expected proteins associated with vesicles and virulence, indicating a role in extracellular defense. Whereas the cryptococcal proteome highlighted interactions among proteins with defined roles in fungal virulence for protein stability and thermotolerance, including two previously uncharacterized proteins, CNAG_00287 and CNAG_05199, putatively involved in complex formation with heat-shock proteins (HSP). Based on sequence and structure homology, we propose that CNAG_00287 is a tetratricopeptide repeat-containing co-chaperone that modulates Hsp 70 activity and CNAG_05199 functions as a Hsp70. We validated the thermotolerance role of CNAG_00287 in heat-related stress, as its absence significantly impaired fungal growth in nutrient-limited media at 37 {degrees}C. Together, this work resolves virulence-associated PPIs within C. neoformans and reveals new molecular regulators of thermotolerance that underpin fungal pathogenicity.

microbiology↗
bioRxiv2026

Environmental filtering and host identity collectively shape root-associated microbiomes of Ericaceae and ectomycorrhizal plants in fumarole fields

Background Symbiosis with microbes is a key strategy that has enabled plants to colonize extreme environments. Since the benefits conferred by root-associated microbes depend on both environmental conditions and host-microbe combinations, plant adaptation to harsh environments is closely linked to the assembly of root microbial communities. Understanding how environmental and host filtering jointly shape these communities is therefore fundamental to elucidating the mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to extreme environments. Results In this study, we investigated the differentiation of root-associated prokaryotic and fungal communities and individual operational taxonomic units (OTUs) across two contrasting habitats surrounding fumaroles, solfatara-field and forest-edge habitats, and six dominant Ericaceae and ectomycorrhizal plant taxa. Prokaryotic and fungal OTUs rarely exhibited strong preferences for both habitat and host identity. Instead, many of prokaryotic and fungal OTUs specialized to one of these niches, collectively generating root microbial communities differentiated by both factors. Nonetheless, striking specializations in habitat and host niches were observed in the fungal family Hyaloscyphaceae (Helotiales). To gain insight into the evolutionary basis of microbial specialization, we examined phylogenetic signals in preference phenotypes. The resulting weak phylogenetic signals in these preference phenotypes further suggest that this fungal clade has undergone substantial ecological divergence. Conclusion Overall, our findings indicate that root-associated microbial communities in extreme environments are assembled through the accumulation of microbial taxa specialized to either habitat or host, and that strong ecological specialization in fungi can arise with little phylogenetic constraint.

microbiology↗