Adenosine triggers astrocyte reactivity to drive the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy

Guo, Q.; Gobbo, D.; Zhao, N.; Liu, Q.; Fang, L.-P.; Gampfer, T. M.; Meyer, M. R.; Bai, X.; Bian, S.; Scheller, A.; Kirchhoff, F.; Huang, W.

doi:10.1101/2023.10.30.563169

bioRxiv · 10.1101/2023.10.30.563169

Adenosine triggers astrocyte reactivity to drive the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy

Guo, Q.·Gobbo, D.·Zhao, N.·Liu, Q.·Fang, L.-P.·Gampfer, T. M.·Meyer, M. R.·Bai, X.·Bian, S.·Scheller, A.·Kirchhoff, F.·Huang, W.

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Abstract

Molecular pathways mediating systemic inflammation entering the brain parenchyma to induce sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remain elusive. Here, we report that in mice during the first 6 hours of peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-evoked systemic inflammation (6 hpi), the plasma level of adenosine quickly increased and enhanced the tone of central extracellular adenosine which then provoked neuroinflammation by triggering early astrocyte reactivity. Specific ablation of astrocytic A1 adenosine receptors (A1ARs) prevented this early reactivity and reduced the levels of inflammatory factors (e.g., CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL1) in astrocytes, thereby alleviating microglial activation, ameliorating blood-brain barrier disruption, neuronal dysfunction, and depression-like behaviour in the mice. Chemogenetic stimulation of Gi signaling in A1AR-deficent astrocytes at 2 and 4 hpi of LPS injection could restore neuroinflammation and depression-like behaviour, highlighting astrocytes rather than microglia as early drivers of neuroinflammation. Our results identify early astrocyte reactivity towards peripheral and central levels of adenosine as a novel pathway driving SAE.

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Guo, Q., Gobbo, D., Zhao, N., Liu, Q., Fang, L.-P., Gampfer, T. M., Meyer, M. R., Bai, X., Bian, S., Scheller, A., Kirchhoff, F., Huang, W.. 2023-11-02. Adenosine triggers astrocyte reactivity to drive the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.30.563169

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