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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2023.05.17.541153

The subjective amplitude of the diurnal rhythm matters - chronobiological insights for neuroimaging studies

Zareba, M. R.·Scislewska, P.·Fafrowicz, M.·Marek, T.·Oginska, H.·Szatkowska, I.·Beldzik, E.·Domagalik, A.
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Abstract

Multiple aspects of human physiology, including mood and cognition, are subjected to diurnal rhythms. While the previous neuroimaging studies have focused solely on the morningness-eveningness (ME) preference dichotomy, i.e. the circadian phase, the second key dimension of the diurnal rhythms, i.e. the strength of these preferences (amplitude; AM), has been completely overlooked. Uncovering the neural correlates of AM is especially important considering its link with negative emotionality. Structural T1-weighted neuroimaging data from 79 early (EC) and 74 late (LC) chronotypes were analysed to compare grey matter (GM) volume and cortical thickness. The study aimed to elucidate whether the subjective AM and its interaction with ME was a significant predictor of individual brain structure. Both GM volume and cortical thickness of the left primary visual cortex was negatively correlated with AM scores across the entire sample. Furthermore, EC and LC differed in their association between AM scores and the GM volume in the right middle temporal gyrus, with the positive and negative correlations reported respectively in the two groups. The current study underlines the importance of the visual system in circadian rhythmicity and provides possible neural correlates for AM-related differences in negative affect processing. Furthermore, the presence of the opposite correlations between brain anatomy and AM in the two groups suggests that the behavioural and neuronal chronotype differences might become more pronounced in individuals with extreme diurnal differences in mood and cognition, highlighting the necessity to additionally account for AM in neuroimaging studies. HighlightsO_LIStructure of primary visual cortex is linked to subjective diurnal rhythms amplitude C_LIO_LIMiddle temporal gyrus is sensitive to interaction of rhythm phase and distinctness C_LIO_LIDistinctness of the diurnal rhythms may modulate results of the neuroimaging studies C_LI

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Zareba, M. R., Scislewska, P., Fafrowicz, M., Marek, T., Oginska, H., Szatkowska, I., Beldzik, E., Domagalik, A.. 2023-05-17. The subjective amplitude of the diurnal rhythm matters - chronobiological insights for neuroimaging studies. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.17.541153

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