Search bioRxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/bioRxiv

bioRxiv · 10.1101/2022.07.01.498373

Early Electrophysiological Aberrations in the Hippocampus of the TgF344-AD Rat Model as a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease Prognosis

Moradi, F.·van den Berg, M.·Mirjebreili, M.·Kosten, L.·Verhoye, M.·Amiri, M.·Keliris, G. A.
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The hippocampus is thought to guide navigation and has an essential contribution to learning and memory. Hippocampus is one of the brain regions impaired in Alzheimers disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease with progressive memory impairments and cognitive decline. Although successful treatments for AD are still not available, developing new strategies to detect AD at early stages before clinical manifestation is crucial for timely interventions. Here, we investigated in the TgF344-AD rat model the classification of AD-transgenic rats versus Wild-type littermates (WT) from electrophysiological activity recorded in the hippocampus of freely moving subjects at an early, pre-symptomatic stage of the disease (6 months old). To this end, recorded signals were filtered in two separate frequency regimes namely low frequency LFP signals and high frequency spiking activity and passed to machine learning (ML) classifiers to identify the genotype of the rats (TG vs. WT). For the low frequency analysis, we first filtered the signals and extracted the power spectra in different frequency bands known to carry differential information in the hippocampus (delta, theta, slow- and fast-gamma) while for the high frequency analysis, we extracted spike-trains of neurons and calculated different distance metrics between them, including Van Rossum (VR), Inter Spike Interval (ISI), and Event Synchronization (ES). These measures were then used as features for classification with different ML classifiers. We found that both low and high frequency signals were able to classify the rat genotype with a high accuracy with specific signals such as the gamma band power, providing an important fraction of information. In addition, when we combined information from both low and high frequency the classification was boosted indicating that independent information is present across the two bands. The results of this study offer a better insight into how different regions of the hippocampus are affected in earlier stages of AD.

Explore related subjects

neurosciencePreprint

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Moradi, F., van den Berg, M., Mirjebreili, M., Kosten, L., Verhoye, M., Amiri, M., Keliris, G. A.. 2022-07-03. Early Electrophysiological Aberrations in the Hippocampus of the TgF344-AD Rat Model as a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease Prognosis. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.01.498373

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related preprints

bioRxiv2026

Novel Tau Interaction Partners as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Alzheimers disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to cognitive decline and ultimately death. One of the main hallmarks of this disease is the accumulation of pathological tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles. To better understand these pathological mechanisms, it is essential to characterize the tau protein interactome in health and disease. In this study, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screening using a human brain cDNA library, from which we identified 15 novel tau-interacting proteins that bind to full-length human tau, or its fragments: the N-terminus, microtubule-binding domain, or C-terminus. We subsequently validated these novel interactions using in vitro co-immunoprecipitation and colocalization assays with both physiological and pathological tau isoforms. Furthermore, their interactions with the human tau protein were analyzed using surface plasmon resonance. Finally, an in silico interactome analysis of these newly discovered tau-binding partners revealed several additional interactors that can link them to downstream processes critical to neurodegenerative pathways Our findings offer fresh insights into tau biology and highlight novel targets for therapeutic intervention and biomarker development.

neuroscience↗
bioRxiv2026

Early visual cortex is not functionally necessary for temporal attention: A TMS study

Temporal attention enhances the selective processing of information at a specific point in time and improves perception. Previous neuroimaging studies investigating its neural mechanisms have either conflated temporal attention with temporal expectation or provided correlational evidence. Thus, whether early visual cortex is functionally necessary for temporal attention remains unknown. Here, we combined psychophysics with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to examine whether V1/V2 are functionally necessary and play a causal role in temporal attention. Observers performed an orientation-discrimination task in which two consecutive stimuli, T1 and T2, were presented in the periphery, preceded by a precue providing either valid or neutral temporal information. Double-pulse TMS was delivered under four conditions: at T1 (T1-TMS), at T2 (T2-TMS), at both T1 and T2 (both-TMS), or not at all (none-TMS), to assess its effects on temporal attention and the efficacy of the stimulation was verified by pupil size analysis. Behavioral results revealed robust temporal attention benefits on d', reaction time, and the Balanced Integration Score (BIS) across all four TMS conditions, indicating that the benefits of temporal attention were unaffected by occipital TMS. Furthermore, pupil dilation was largest in the both-TMS condition, followed by the T1-TMS and T2-TMS conditions, and smallest in the none-TMS condition, providing physiological verification of the stimulation protocol. Together, these findings reveal the first causal evidence that the early visual cortex is not functionally necessary for endogenous temporal attention.

neuroscience↗
bioRxiv2026

Disentanglement of persistent and dynamic neural substrates of working memory

Competing theories of working memory have alternatively emphasized the importance of persistent and dynamic substrates of this cognitive function. Here, we directly tested these theories by computationally isolating the contributions of persistent and dynamic activity to working memory. We analyzed neuronal population activity recordings in macaques doing match/non-match working memory tasks. We first extracted signatures of persistent and dynamic activity through cue-specific temporal means, temporal principal components, and correlations of activity patterns across task epochs. We then generated synthetic data constrained by these signatures, and decoded cue stimuli from these data, separately from persistent and non-persistent neurons. We found that high decoding performance arose from a nuanced interplay of persistent and dynamic activity. Specifically, we could decode stimuli at empirical or above-chance levels across all tasks only from persistent neurons, but only after constraining correlations of activity patterns across epochs. In this way, we showed distinct roles for persistent and dynamic neuronal activity that help to unify two competing theories of working memory. More broadly, we also advanced computational controlled experiments as a principled framework for adjudicating between competing models of neuronal population activity.

neuroscience↗