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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2022.01.27.477846

Mass-Sensitive Particle Tracking to Characterize Membrane-Associated Macromolecule Dynamics

Steiert, F.·Heermann, T.·Hundt, N.·Schwille, P.
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Abstract

Short-lived or transient interactions of macromolecules at and with lipid membranes, an interface where a multitude of essential biological reactions take place, are inherently difficult to assess with standard biophysical methods. The introduction of mass-sensitive particle tracking (MSPT) constitutes an important step towards a thorough quantitative characterization of such processes. Technically, this was made possible through the advent of interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT)-based mass photometry (MP). When the background removal strategy is optimized to reveal the two-dimensional motion of membrane-associated particles, this technique allows the real-time analysis of both diffusion and molecular mass of unlabeled macromolecules on biological membranes. Here, a detailed protocol to perform and analyze mass-sensitive particle tracking of membrane-associated systems is described. Measurements performed on a commercial mass photometer achieve time resolution in the millisecond regime and, depending on the MP system, a mass detection limit down to 50 kDa. To showcase the potential of MSPT for the in-depth analysis of membrane-catalyzed macromolecule dynamics in general, results obtained for exemplary protein systems such as the native membrane interactor annexin V are presented. SUMMARYThis protocol describes an iSCAT-based image processing and single-particle tracking approach that enables the simultaneous investigation of the molecular mass and the diffusive behavior of macromolecules interacting with lipid membranes. Step-by-step instructions for sample preparation, mass-to-contrast conversion, movie acquisition, and post-processing are provided along-side directions to prevent potential pitfalls.

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Steiert, F., Heermann, T., Hundt, N., Schwille, P.. 2022-01-29. Mass-Sensitive Particle Tracking to Characterize Membrane-Associated Macromolecule Dynamics. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.27.477846

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