Search bioRxiv⌕ Search

bioRxiv · 10.1101/2021.05.12.443854

ThruTracker: Open-Source Software for 2-D and 3-D Animal Video Tracking

Abstract

O_LITracking animal movement patterns using videography is an important tool in many biological disciplines ranging from biomechanics to conservation. Reduced costs of technology such as thermal videography and unmanned aerial vehicles has made video-based animal tracking more accessible, however existing software for processing acquired video limits the application of these methods. C_LIO_LIHere, we present a novel software program for high-throughput 2-D and 3-D animal tracking. ThruTracker provides tools to allow video tracking under a variety of conditions with minimal technical expertise or coding background and without the need for paid licenses. Notable capabilities include calibrating the intrinsic properties of thermal cameras; tracking and counting hundreds of animals at a time; and the ability to make 3-D calibrations without dedicated calibration objects. Automated 2-D and 3-D workflows are integrated to allow for analysis of largescale datasets. C_LIO_LIWe tested ThruTracker with two case studies. The 2-D workflow is demonstrated by counting bats emerging from bridges and caves using thermal Videography. Tests show that ThruTracker has a similar accuracy compared to humans under a variety of conditions. The 3-D workflow is shown for making accurate calibrations for tracking bats and birds at wind turbines using only the wind turbine itself as a calibration object. C_LIO_LIThruTracker is a robust software program for tracking moving animals in 2-D and 3-D. Major applications include counting animals such as bats, birds, and fish that form large aggregations, and documenting movement trajectories over medium spatial scales ([~]100,000 m3). When combined with emerging technologies, we expect videographic techniques to continue to see widespread adoption for an increasing range of biological applications. C_LI

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Corcoran, A. J., Schirmacher, M. R., Black, E., Hedrick, T. L.. 2021-05-13. ThruTracker: Open-Source Software for 2-D and 3-D Animal Video Tracking. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.12.443854

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related preprints

Can a Tiny Brain Plan? Reconstructing a Predatory Detour inthe Jumping Spider Portia labiata

Planning is the process of evaluating alternative futures to predict outcomes and guide action. Evidence for this process exists in several vertebrates, but remains contested in in-vertebrates. Jumping spiders in the genus Portia show planning-like behavior in lab studies, but how this translates to the wild is unclear, where hunts of potentially lethal spider prey occur over durations of more than an hour in dense foliage. We present the first fully video-recorded wild hunt of any Portia species, with a 3D reconstruction of its forty-two minute long route to attack an orb-weaving spider. The reconstruction suggests P. labiata may have planned its approach, avoiding a route half as long but potentially more conspicuous to the prey's sensory systems.

animal behavior and cognition↗

Assessing Enclosure Modifications to Enhance Accessibility for Zoo-Housed Meerkats (Suricata suricatta)

Scientific advancements have contributed to increased longevity of animals in zoos and aquariums, creating a growing need for environments that remain accessible to geriatric animals and animals with disabilities. However, few empirical studies have evaluated whether accessibility-focused enclosure modifications impact species-appropriate behavior. We evaluated the effects of accessibility modifications on a group of four adult zoo-housed meerkats (Suricata suricatta), including one individual with a forelimb amputation and one geriatric individual. Low-level logs and steps were added to the enclosure to provide intermediate heights and facilitate access to elevated areas. Following the introduction of these enclosure modifications, sentry behavior increased, with all individuals engaging in this behavior compared with only one individual during baseline. The meerkats also increased their overall use of low-elevated areas following modification, although individual responses varied. Posture differed between study phases, with meerkats more frequently adopting tri/quadrupedal postures following modification. Together, these findings suggest that relatively simple accessibility-focused modifications can expand opportunities for geriatric animals and animals with disabilities to engage in species-appropriate behavior. More broadly, this case study highlights the importance of empirically evaluating accessibility interventions and incorporating universal design principles into animal spaces to accommodate individuals with diverse physical abilities and promote positive animal welfare.

animal behavior and cognition↗

Hide and seek in a rainforest canopy : when a fruit-eating carnivore (almost) met its top predator carnivore

Prey-predator interactions in the wild are spectacular. Common reported cases come from ground-dwelling animals, in open areas and by daylight. Here, we report, for the first time, a sequence with the nocturnal arboreal kinkajou (Potos flavus), being followed ca. 20 minutes apart by one of its predators, the puma (Puma concolor), 33 m aboveground in a rainforest in French Guiana.

animal behavior and cognition↗