CIP2A interacts with TopBP1 and is selectively essential for DNA damage-induced basal-like breast cancer tumorigenesis

Abstract

Despite saturated genetic profiling of breast cancers, oncogenic drivers for the clinically challenging basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) subtype are still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that CIP2A is selectively essential for DNA damage-induced initiation of mouse BLBC tumors, but not of other cancer types. Mechanistically, CIP2A was discovered genome-widely the closest functional homologue for DNA-damage proteins TopBP1, RHNO, POLQ, NBN and PARP1. CIP2A directly interacts with the ATR-activation domain of TopBP1, and dampens both, chromatin binding of TopBP1 and RAD51, and G2/M checkpoint in DNA-damaged cells. CIP2A also drives BLBC-associated proliferative MYC and E2F1 signaling. Consistently with high DNA-damage response activity BLBCs, and CIP2As novel role in checkpoint signaling, CIP2A was found essential for DNA-damaged, and BRCA-mutant BLBC cells. Selective role for CIP2A as BLBC driver was supported by association of high CIP2A expression with poor patient prognosis only in BLBC, but not in other breast cancer types. Therapeutically, small molecule reactivators of PP2A (SMAPs) phenocopy CIP2A-dependent DNA damage response, and inhibit in vivo growth of patient-derived BLBC xenograft. In summary, we discover sub-type selective essential role for CIP2A in BLBC initiation and maintenance that can be explained by its newly discovered association with DNA-damage response, coordinated with regulation of proliferative signaling. The results also identify therapeutic strategy for CIP2A-dependent BLBCs.