Biology subjects

de Rooij, D.

Publications and source records attributed to de Rooij, D..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2020

DAZL mediates a broad translational program regulating expansion and differentiation of spermatogonial progenitors

Fertility across metazoa requires the germline-specific DAZ family of RNA-binding proteins. Here we examine whether DAZL directly regulates progenitor spermatogonia using a conditional genetic mouse model and in vivo biochemical approaches combined with chemical synchronization of spermatogenesis. We find that the absence of Dazl impairs both expansion and differentiation of the spermatogonial progenitor population. In undifferentiated spermatogonia, DAZL binds the 3 UTRs of [~]2,500 protein-coding genes. Some targets are known regulators of spermatogonial proliferation and differentiation while others are broadly expressed, dosage-sensitive factors that control transcription and RNA metabolism. DAZL binds 3 UTR sites conserved across vertebrates at a UGUU(U/A) motif. By assessing ribosome occupancy in undifferentiated spermatogonia, we find that DAZL increases translation of its targets. In total, DAZL orchestrates a broad translational program that amplifies protein levels of key spermatogonial and gene regulatory factors to promote the expansion and differentiation of progenitor spermatogonia.

developmental biology↗

bioRxiv2019

Sox8 and Sox9 act redundantly for ovarian-to-testicular fate reprogramming in the absence of Rspo1 in mouse sex reversal

In mammals, testicular differentiation is initiated by transcription factors SRY and SOX9 in XY gonads, and ovarian differentiation involves R-spondin1 (RSPO1) mediated activation of WNT/{beta}-catenin signaling in XX gonads. Accordingly, the absence of RSPO1/Rspo1 in XX humans and mice leads to testicular differentiation and female-to-male sex reversal in a manner that does not require Sry or Sox9 in mice. Here we show that an alternate testis-differentiating factor exists and that this factor is Sox8. Specifically, genetic ablation of Sox8 and Sox9 prevents ovarian-to-testicular reprogramming observed in XX Rspo1 loss-of-function mice. Consequently, Rspo1 Sox8 Sox9 triple mutant gonads developed as atrophied ovaries. Thus, SOX8 alone can compensate for the loss of SOX9 for Sertoli cell differentiation during female-to-male sex reversal.

developmental biology↗

bioRxiv2017

ATR is a multifunctional regulator of male mouse meiosis

Meiotic cells undergo genetic exchange between homologous chromosomes through programmed DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation, recombination and synapsis1, 2. In mice, the DNA damage-regulated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-like kinase (PIKK) ATM regulates all of these processes3-6. However, the meiotic functions of another major PIKK, ATR, have remained elusive, because germ line-specific depletion of this kinase is challenging. Using an efficient conditional strategy, we uncover roles for ATR in male mouse prophase I progression. Deletion of ATR causes chromosome axis fragmentation and germ cell elimination at mid pachynema. ATR is required for homologous synapsis, in a manner genetically dissociable from DSB formation. In addition, ATR regulates loading of recombinases RAD51 and DMC1 to DSBs and maintenance of recombination foci on synapsed and asynapsed chromosomes. Mid pachytene spermatocyte elimination in ATR deficient mice cannot be rescued by deletion of ATM and the third DNA damage-regulated PIKK, PRKDC, consistent with the existence of a PIKK-independent surveillance mechanism in the mammalian germ line. Our studies identify ATR as a multifunctional regulator of mouse meiosis.

cell biology↗