Directional motion of membrane vesicles on conical surfaces
The spontaneous directional motion of vesicles on both the outer and inner surfaces of a conical substrate is observed in this work. We showed that the motion is ultra-fast and the maximum velocity can be as high as 2.14 nm/s. The driving force behind is attributed to the reduction of the bending energy along the conical surface, which possesses high curvature gradient. SummaryWe observed and explained the spontaneous directional motion of vesicles on both the concave and convex surfaces of a cone.
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