Biology subjects

Yang, E.-J.

Publications and source records attributed to Yang, E.-J..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2023

The bioactive dietary polyphenol preparation alleviates depression and anxiety-like behaviors by modulating the regional heterogeneity of microglia morphology.

ScopeThe goal of this study is to investigate the effects of a bioactive dietary polyphenol preparation (BDPP), which is made up of grape-derived polyphenols, on microglial responses, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms in depression and anxiety-like behaviors. Methods and resultsWe find that treatment with BDPP significantly decreased depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic stress in mice, while leaving their locomotor activity unaffected. We also find that BDPP treatment reversed microglia activation in the amygdala and hippocampal formation, regions of the brain involved in emotional regulation, from an amoeboid shape to ramified shape. Additionally, BDPP treatment modulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 via high mobility box 1 protein and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (HMGB1-RAGE) signaling pathway in activated microglia induced by chronic stress. ConclusionOur findings suggest regional heterogeneity in microglial responses following chronic stress in subregions of the corticolimbic circuit. Specifically, activation of the immune-inflammatory HMGB1-RAGE pathway might provide a new avenue for therapeutic intervention in stress-induced anxiety- and depression-like behavior, using bioactive and bioavailable polyphenols.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2022

Molecular and cellular similarities in the brain of SARS-CoV-2 and Alzheimer's disease individuals

Infection with the etiological agent of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, appears capable of impacting cognition, which some patients with Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). To evaluate neuro-pathophysiological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we examine transcriptional and cellular signatures in the Broadman area 9 (BA9) of the frontal cortex and the hippocampal formation (HF) in SARS-CoV-2, Alzheimers disease (AD) and SARS-CoV-2 infected AD individuals, compared to age- and gender-matched neurological cases. Here we show similar alterations of neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier integrity in SARS-CoV-2, AD, and SARS-CoV-2 infected AD individuals. Distribution of microglial changes reflected by the increase of Iba-1 reveal nodular morphological alterations in SARS-CoV-2 infected AD individuals. Similarly, HIF-1 is significantly upregulated in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the same brain regions regardless of AD status. The finding may help to inform decision-making regarding therapeutic treatments in patients with neuro-PASC, especially those at increased risk of developing AD. TeaserSARS-CoV-2 and Alzheimers disease share similar neuroinflammatory processes, which may help explain neuro-PASC.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2021

Tight association between microbial eukaryote and Imitervirales communities in the Pacific Arctic Ocean

Viruses are important regulatory factors of marine microbial community including microeukaryotes. However, little is known about their role in the northern Chukchi Sea of the Arctic basin, which remains oligotrophic conditions in summer. To elucidate linkages of microbial eukaryotic community with viruses as well as environmental variables, we investigated the community structures of microeukaryotes (3-144 {micro}m and 0.2-3 {micro}m size fractions) and Imitervirales (0.2-3 {micro}m size fraction), a major group of viruses infecting marine microeukaryotes. Surface water samples were collected at 21 ocean stations located in the northeastern Chukchi Sea (NECS), an adjacent area outside the Beaufort Gyre (Adjacent Sea; AS), and two melt ponds on sea ice in the summer of 2018. At the ocean stations, nutrient concentrations were low in most of the locations expect at the shelf in the AS. The community variations were significantly correlated between eukaryotes and Imitervirales, even within the NECS characterized by relatively homogeneous environmental conditions. The association of the eukaryotic community with the viral community was stronger than that with geographical and physicochemical environmental factors. These results suggest that Imitervirales are actively infecting their hosts even in cold and oligotrophic sea water in the Arctic Ocean.

molecular biology↗