Biology subjects

Winge, P.

Publications and source records attributed to Winge, P..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2022

PAMP-Induced secreted Peptide-Like 6 (PIPL6) functions as an amplifier of plant immune response through RLK7 and WRKY33 module

Plant peptide hormones are engaged in the regulation of plant developmental programs and immunity. PAMP-Induced Peptide (PIP) hormones are new class of signaling peptide with diverse functional roles in the regulation of plant development and stress responses. In this study, we have investigated the function of PAMP-Induced secreted Peptide-Like 6 (PIPL6) as an amplifier of plant immunity against necrotrophic fungal pathogens in Arabidopsis thaliana. We have applied an integrated omics approach to unveil the function and downstream signaling pathways initiated by PIPL6. PIPL6 is highly and transiently induced by treatment with different elicitors. Exogenous application of synthetic peptide designed from the C-terminal conserved domain of PIPL6 resulted in strong transcriptional induction of many genes involved in the regulation of plant immunity. Further gene expression analysis revealed that induction of marker genes by PIPL6 peptide requires the receptor-like kinase 7 (RLK7). Immunoblotting and gene expression analysis demonstrated that exogenous applications of PIPL6 peptide activates MAPK6, MAPK3, and WRKY33 module in an RLK7-dependent manner. The levels of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, camalexin, and glucosinolates were differentially regulated in PIPL6 knock-down and overexpression lines challenged by necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Bioassays using the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria brassicae showed that pipl6 knock-down lines were more susceptible to these pathogens while PIPL6 overexpression lines exhibited enhanced resistance. Altogether, these results indicate that the PIPL6 peptide functions as a new damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and acts as an amplifier of Arabidopsis immunity.

plant biology↗

bioRxiv2020

Targeted mutagenesis of {triangleup}5 and {triangleup}6 fatty acyl desaturases induce multiplex-mutagenesis and lipogenesis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

With declining wild fish populations, farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) has gained popularity as a source for healthy long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acids (LC-HUFA) including 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3. However, the introduction of plant-based oil in fish diets has reduced the content of these beneficial LC-HUFA. The capability of biosynthesis of LC-HUFAs depends on fatty acids supplied in diets and the genetic potential residing in the fish. Key proteins involved in LC-HUFA synthesis in salmon include fatty acid desaturases 2 (Fads2). In a recent study we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate two F0 mutant strains of salmon, 1){Delta} 6abc/5Mt with mutations in{Delta} 5fads2, {Delta}6fads2-a, {Delta}6fads2-b and {Delta}6fads2-c genes, and 2){Delta} 6bcMt with mutations in{Delta} 6fads2-b and {Delta}6fads2-c genes. The CRISPR mutated salmon (crispants) had reduced levels of LC-HUFA and expression of targeted fads2 genes. In present study we apply whole transcriptome analysis on these fads2 crispants. Our purpose is to evaluate the genetic mosaicism in fads2 crispants and the effect these mutations had on other lipid metabolism pathways in fish. Both{Delta} 6abc/5Mt and{Delta} 6bcMt crispants demonstrated high percentage of indels within all intended target genes, though different indel types and percentage were observed between individuals. Skipping of a CRISPR-targeted exon was observed in{Delta} 6fads2-a gene of{Delta} 6abc/5Mt salmon. The{Delta} 6abc/5Mt fish also displayed several disruptive indels which resulted in over 100 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched in lipid metabolism pathways in liver. This includes up-regulation of srebp1 genes as well as genes involved in fatty acid de-novo synthesis, fatty acid {beta}-oxidation and lipogenesis. Both elovl5 and elovl2 genes were not changed, suggesting that the genes were not targeted by Srebp1. The mutation of{Delta} 6bcMt surprisingly resulted in over 3000 DEGs which were enriched in factors encoding genes involved in mRNA regulation and stability.

molecular biology↗

bioRxiv2020

The Seminavis robusta genome provides insights into the evolutionary adaptations of benthic diatoms

Benthic diatoms are the main primary producers in shallow freshwater and coastal environments, fulfilling important ecological functions such as nutrient cycling and sediment stabilization. However, little is known about their evolutionary adaptations to these highly structured but heterogeneous environments. Here, we report a reference genome for the marine biofilm-forming diatom Seminavis robusta, showing that gene family expansions are responsible for a quarter of all 36,254 protein-coding genes. Tandem duplications play a key role in extending the repertoire of specific gene functions, including light and oxygen sensing, which are probably central for its adaptation to benthic habitats. Genes differentially expressed during interactions with bacteria are strongly conserved in other benthic diatoms while many species-specific genes are strongly upregulated during sexual reproduction. Combined with re-sequencing data from 48 strains, our results offer new insights on the genetic diversity and gene functions in benthic diatoms.

bioinformatics↗

bioRxiv2018

A bHLH-PAS protein regulates light-dependent rhythmic processes in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Periodic light-dark cycles govern the timing of basic biological processes in organisms inhabiting land as well as the sea, where life evolved. Although prominent marine phytoplanktonic organisms such as diatoms show robust diurnal rhythms in growth, cell cycle and gene expression, the molecular foundations controlling these processes are still obscure. By exploring the regulatory landscape of diatom diurnal rhythms, we unveil the function of a Phaeodactylum tricornutum bHLH-PAS protein, PtbHLH1a, in the regulation of light-dependent diurnal rhythms. Peak expression of PtbHLH1a mRNA occurs toward the end of the light period and it adjusts to photoperiod changes. Ectopic over-expression of PtbHLH1a results in lines showing a phase shift in diurnal cell fluorescence, compared to the wild-type cells, and with altered cell cycle progression and gene expression. Reduced oscillations in gene expression are also observed in overexpression lines compared to wild-type in continuous darkness, showing that the regulation of rhythmicity by PtbHLH1a is not directly dependent on light inputs and cell division. PtbHLH1a homologs are widespread in diatom genomes which may indicate a common function in many species. This study adds new elements to understand diatom biology and ecology and offers new perspectives to elucidate timekeeping mechanisms in marine organisms belonging to a major, but underinvestigated branch of the tree of life.\n\nSIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMost organisms experience diurnal light-dark changes and show rhythms of basic biological processes such that they occur at optimal times of the day. The ocean harbours a huge diversity of organisms showing light-dependent rhythms, but their molecular foundations are still largely unknown. In this study, we discover a novel protein, PtbHLH1a that regulates cell division, gene expression and the diurnal timing of these events in the marine diatom Phaedoactylum tricornutum. The identification of PtbHLH1a-like genes in many diatom species suggests a conserved function in diurnal rhythm regulation in the most species-rich group of algae in the ocean. This study unveils critical features of diatom biology and advances the field of marine rhythms and their environmental regulation.

molecular biology↗