Biology subjects

Simbriger, K.

Publications and source records attributed to Simbriger, K..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2023

Excitatory neuron-specific suppression of the integrated stress response pathway contributes to autism-related phenotypes in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome

Dysregulation of protein synthesis is one of the key mechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the role of a major pathway controlling protein synthesis, the integrated stress response (ISR), in ASD remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the main arm of the ISR, eIF2 phosphorylation (p-eIF2), is suppressed in excitatory but not inhibitory neurons in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome (FXS; Fmr1-/y). We further show that the decrease in p-eIF2 is mediated via activation of the mTORC1. Genetic reduction of p-eIF2 only in excitatory neurons is sufficient to increase general protein synthesis and cause autism-like behavior. In Fmr1-/y mice, genetic restoration of p-eIF2 solely in excitatory neurons reverses elevated protein synthesis and rescues autism-related phenotypes. Thus, we reveal a previously unknown causal relationship between excitatory neuron-specific translational control via the ISR pathway, general protein synthesis and core phenotypes reminiscent of autism in a mouse model of FXS.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2022

eIF4E phosphorylation recruits β-catenin to mRNA cap and selectively promotes Wnt pathway translation in dentate gyrus LTP maintenance in vivo

The mRNA cap-binding protein, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), is crucial for translation and regulated by Ser209 phosphorylation. However, the biochemical and physiological role of eIF4E phosphorylation in translational control of long-term synaptic plasticity is unknown. We demonstrate that phospho-ablated Eif4eS209A knockin mice are profoundly impaired in dentate gyrus LTP maintenance in vivo, while basal perforant path-evoked transmission and LTP induction are intact. mRNA cap-pulldown assays show that phosphorylation is required for synaptic activity-induced removal of translational repressors from eIF4E, allowing initiation complex formation. Using ribosome profiling, we identified selective, phospho-eIF4E-dependent translation of the Wnt signaling pathway in in vivo LTP. Surprisingly, the canonical Wnt effector, {beta}-catenin, was massively recruited to the eIF4E cap complex following LTP induction in wild-type, but not Eif4eS209A, mice. These results demonstrate a critical role for activity-evoked eIF4E phosphorylation in dentate gyrus LTP maintenance, bidirectional remodeling of the mRNA cap-binding complex, and mRNA-specific translational control linked to Wnt pathway. Key highlightsO_LISynaptic activity-induced eIF4E phosphorylation controls DG-LTP maintenance in vivo C_LIO_LIeIF4E phosphorylation triggers release of translational repressors from cap complex C_LIO_LIeIF4E phosphorylation recruits {beta}-catenin to cap complex C_LIO_LIeIF4E phosphorylation selectively enhances translation of Wnt pathway C_LI

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2021

Ribosomes in RNA granules are stalled on mRNA sequences that are consensus sites for FMRP association.

Local translation in neurons is mediated in part by the reactivation of stalled polysomes. Stalled polysomes may be enriched within the pellet of sucrose gradients used to separate polysomes from monosomes. We find that this fraction, isolated from P5 rat brains of both sexes, is enriched in proteins implicated in stalled polysome function, such as the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and Up-frameshift mutation 1 homolog (UPF1). Cryo-EM analysis of ribosomes in this fraction indicates they are stalled, mainly in the hybrid state. Ribosome profiling of this fraction showed an abundance of footprint reads derived from mRNAs of cytoskeletal proteins implicated in neuronal development and an enrichment of footprint reads on RNA binding proteins. Compared to those usually found in ribosome profiling studies, the footprint reads were more extended on their 3end and were found in reproducible peaks in the mRNAs. These peaks were enriched in motifs previously associated with mRNAs cross-linked to FMRP in vivo, independently linking the ribosomes in the sedimented pellet to the ribosomes associated with FMRP in the cell. The data supports a model in which specific sequences in mRNAs act to stall translation elongation in neurons.

neuroscience↗