Biology subjects

Senoo, K.

Publications and source records attributed to Senoo, K..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2026

The juvenile-to-adult phase transition in wheat is independent of the winter-spring growth habit regulated by VRN1

In plants, the juvenile-to-adult (JA) phase transition occurs during the vegetative stage with drastic morphological and physiological changes. Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has a molecular mechanism regulating the duration of vegetative growth in response to cold accumulation, and its sensitivity varies among varieties (winter-spring growth habit) predominantly due to VRN1 genotypes. However, the association of the growth habit with the JA phase transition remained unclear. Here, we investigated temporal changes in shoot apex and leaf morphology, and in the expression of the JA phase transition regulators miR156 and miR172, in winter and spring varieties and VRN1 near-isogenic lines (NILs) under controlled growth conditions, and leaf morphology under field growth conditions. Under controlled conditions, the results indicated that the timing of JA phase transition completion varied among spring varieties without association with VRN1 genotypes. All NILs underwent the JA phase transition at the same timing, and the expression levels of miR156 and miR172 were unrelated to VRN1 expressions during the vegetative stage. The field evaluation of leaf morphology revealed that the phase transition timing was consistent regardless of the sowing timings. These results suggested that the JA phase transition regulatory pathway and the vernalization regulator VRN1 are independent in wheat. HighlightThis study shows that the timing of the juvenile-to-adult phase transition in wheat is not affected by the expression of VRN1, the master regulator of vernalization.

plant biology↗

bioRxiv2025

Betaproteobacterial clade II nosZ activated under high N2O concentrations in paddy soil microcosms

AimsMicrobial communities in paddy soils act as potential sinks of nitrous oxide (N2O), a notorious greenhouse gas, but their potential to reduce external N2O is unclear. The direct observation of N2O reduction in submerged field soils is technically difficult. Here, we aimed to identify soil microbial clades that underpin the strong N2O mitigation capacity. Methods and ResultsWe constructed paddy soil microcosms with external N2O amendment that enabled the simultaneous evaluation of N2O reductase gene (nosZ) transcripts and N2O consumption. Although the amount of N2O amended was large, it was mostly consumed after 6- 8 days of microcosm incubation. Metatranscriptomic sequencing revealed that betaproteobacterial nosZ, especially those classified as clade II nosZ belonging to the orders Rhodocyclales or Nitrosomonadales, occupied >50% of the nosZ transcripts in three of the five paddy soils used. On the other hand, publicly available shotgun metagenomic sequences of 46 paddy soils were not dominated by betaproteobacterial clade II nosZ sequences, although they were ubiquitous. The same applied to the 16S rRNA sequences of Rhodocyclales or Nitrosomonadales. ConclusionsThe results indicated that betaproteobacterial N2O reducers potentially serve as powerful N2O sinks. Betaproteobacteria holding clade II nosZ can be targets of biostimulation, although further studies are required to understand their ecophysiology. Impact StatementOur results indicate that Rhodocyclales or Nitrosomonadales have the potential to serve as powerful N2O sinks in soils.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2022

Global soil metagenomics reveals ubiquitous yet previously-hidden predominance of Deltaproteobacteria in nitrogen-fixing microbiome

Biological nitrogen fixation is a fundamental process sustaining all life on earth. In the soil, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria are traditionally considered the major groups of nitrogen fixation population. This conventional knowledge has been accumulated by numerous PCR amplicon surveys for nitrogenase genes. However, this prevalent view appears to be inconsistent with results of recent PCR-free meta-omics investigations. Here, we show the global distribution and diversity of terrestrial diazotrophic microbiome, updated by fully leveraging the planetary collections of soil metagenomes along with recently expanded culture collections. After extensive analysis of 1,445 soil metagenomic samples, we proved that the previously-undervalued Anaeromyxobacteraceae and Geobacteraceae within Deltaproteobacteria are ubiquitous and predominant groups of diazotrophic microbiome in the soils, spanning a broad spectrum of environments, with different geographic origins and land usage types, including aerobic (croplands, grasslands) and anaerobic ones (paddy soils, sediments). Our results delineate a revised scheme of soil nitrogen fixation, which is inclusive of both conventional diazotrophs and the so far undervalued Deltaproteobacteria.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2018

Soil nutrient stoichiometry affects the initial response of microbial community to trophic perturbation.

Soil microbes are drivers of global ecosystem functionality and are continuously subjected to external perturbations. It is fundamental for ecologists and environmental scientists to understand and further predict the microbes responses to these perturbations. A major and ubiquitous perturbation is the addition of chemical nutrients, including fertilizers and animal urine, to soil. Recent biogeographical studies suggest that soil nutrient stoichiometry (i.e., nutritional balance) determines microbial community structure and its functions with regard to material circulation. Given this information, here, we show that soil nutrient stoichiometry, or the bioavailable C:P ratio, determines the impact of nutrient addition on the soils microbial communities. We sampled two soils with similar carbon and nitrogen concentrations but with a 20-fold difference in phosphorus bioavailability. Soil microcosms with carbon and nitrogen amendments were constructed for both the soils. The phosphorus-depleted soil received prolonged effect from carbon and nitrogen amendments: the phosphatase activity gradually increased over a 24-day incubation period and the microbial community structure did not present recovery to its initial state. In contrast, in the other soil, both phosphatase activity and microbial community structure gradually returned to those of the control samples. Phosphorus depletion mitigated carbon and nitrogen intake; therefore, the effects of carbon and nitrogen amendment lasted longer. Our results demonstrate that nutritional stoichiometry is a strong predictor of microbial community dynamics in response to trophic perturbation, particularly when considering the length of time the trait of perturbation persists in the soil.

ecology↗