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Schmithausen, R.

Publications and source records attributed to Schmithausen, R..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

RiboSnake - a user-friendly, robust, reproducible, multipurpose and documentation-extensive pipeline for 16S rRNA gene microbiome analysis

BackgroundNext-generation sequencing for assaying microbial communities has become a standard technique in recent years. However, the initial investment required into in-silico analytics is still quite significant, especially for facilities not focused on bioinformatics. With the rapid decline in costs and growing adoption of sequencing-based methods in a number of fields, validated, fully automated, reproducible and yet flexible pipelines will play a greater role in various scientific fields in the future. ResultsWe present RiboSnake, a validated, automated, reproducible QIIME2-based analysis pipeline implemented in Snakemake for the computational analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data. The pipeline comes with pre-packaged validated parameter sets, optimized for different sample types. The sets range from complex environmental samples to patient data. The configuration packages can be easily adapted and shared, requiring minimal user input. ConclusionRiboSnake is a new alternative for researchers employing 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and looking for a customizable and yet user-friendly pipeline for microbiome analysis with in-vitro validated settings. The complete analysis generated with a fully automated pipeline based on validated parameter sets for different sample types is a significant improvement to existing methods. The workflow repository can be found on GitHub (https://github.com/IKIM-Essen/RiboSnake).

bioinformatics↗

Suppression of systemic T cell immunity to viral infection during liver injury is prevented by inhibition of interferon and IL-10 signaling

Patients with liver injury such as cirrhosis are at increased risk of intractable viral infections and are hyporesponsive to vaccination. Here, we report that liver injury leads to inhibition of systemic T cell immunity (LIST), which abrogated anti-viral immunity and caused persistent infection in preclinical liver injury models. Enhanced gut microbial-translocation but not dysbiosis induced tonic type-I-interferon (IFN) signaling in hepatic myeloid cells, which was responsible for their excessive production of IL-10 after viral infection. Antibiotic treatment reducing intestinal microbial burden or inhibition of IFN- and IL-10-signaling all restored anti-viral immunity without immune pathology. Importantly, inhibition of IL-10 restored virus-specific immune responses to vaccination in cirrhotic patients. Thus, LIST results from sequential events involving intestinal microbial translocation, hepatic myeloid cell-derived IFN-/IL-10 expression, and finally inhibitory IL-10 receptor-signaling in T cells, of which IL-10R-signaling may serve as target to reconstitute anti-viral T cell immunity in cirrhotic patients.

immunology↗