Biology subjects

Roytrakul, S.

Publications and source records attributed to Roytrakul, S..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

Proteomic associations with cognitive variability as measured by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in a healthy Thai population: A machine learning approach

Cognitive function is the term for the higher-order mental processes in the brain that gather and process information, and it mirrors brain activity. Cognitive function in adults exhibits variability as a result of genetic and environmental components such as gender, age[1], and lifestyle factors to name a few. Interindividual variability in cognitive trajectories has been observed in community-dwelling older adults across different cognitive domains. Inter-individual variations in cognitive response to identical physical exercise are also evident. This study aimed to explore the association between serum protein expression profiles and one measure of cognitive variability, as measured by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), in a healthy Thai population using a machine learning approach. This study included 199 healthy Thai subjects, ranging in age from 20 to 70 years. Cognitive performance was measured by the WCST, and the WCST % Errors was used to define the lower and higher cognitive ability groups. Serum protein expression profiles were studied by the label-free proteomics method. The Linear Model for Microarray Data (LIMMA) approach in R was utilized to assess differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between groups; subsequently bioinformatic analysis was performed for the functional enrichment and interaction network analysis of DEPs. A random forest model was built to classify subjects from the lower and higher cognitive ability groups. Cross-validation was used for model performance evaluation. The results showed that, there were 213 DEPs identified between the poor and higher cognition groups, with 155 DEPs being upregulated in the poor cognition group. Those DEPs were significantly enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network revealed that most of the selected DEPs were linked to neuroinflammation-related cognitive impairment. The random forest model achieved a test classification accuracy of 81.5%. The models sensitivity (true positive rate) was estimated to be 65%, and the specificity (true negative rate) was 85.9%. The AUC (0.79) indicates good binary classification performance. The results suggested that a measure of poor WCST performance in healthy Thai subjects might be attributed to higher levels of neuroinflammation.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2023

Alterations of metagenomics and metaproteomics associate kidney disease in a combination of opisthorchiasis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent worldwide and is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov) infection and consumption of high- fat and high-fructose (HFF) diets exacerbate NAFLD leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of a combination of HFF diets and O.viverrini infection on kidney pathology via changes in the gut microbiome and host proteome in hamsters. Methodology/Principal findingsTwenty animals were divided into four groups; Normal diet feeding and non-infected Ov (Normal); HFF diets feeding (HFF); Ov infection (Ov); and feeding with a combination of HFF diets and infection with Ov (HFFOv). Fecal samples were extracted and used for Illumina Miseq sequencing platform based on the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, along with LC/MS-MS analysis. Histopathological studies and biochemical assays were also conducted. The results indicated that the HFFOv group exhibited the most severe kidney injury, as elevated KIM-1 expression and accumulation of fibrosis in kidney tissue. In comparison with the HFF group, the combined group showed higher diversity and composition. An increased number of Ruminococaceae, Lachospiraceae, Desulfovibrionaceae and Akkermansiaceae, and a lower number of Eggerthellaceae were observed. A total of 243 significant host proteome were identified in all groups. Analysis using STITCH predicted that host proteome associated leaky gut such as soluble CD14 and p-cresol may play a role in the development of kidney disease. Among host proteome, TGF-beta, involving in fibrogenesis, was significantly expressed in HFFOv. Conclusions/SignificanceThe combination of HFF diets and O.viverrini infection may promote kidney injury through the alterations in the gut microbiome and host proteome. This knowledge may be an effective strategy to prevent the progression of CKD beyond the early stages. Author summaryA diets high in fat and fructose causes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFD), which is increasing worldwide. Liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini, Ov) infection is endemic in the Mekong subregion including in the northeastern Thailand. The prevalence of opisthorchiasis caused by the infection with O. viverrini is associated with fatty liver and bile duct cancer. We have previously demonstrated that infection with O. viverrini exacerbates NAFD progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in animal models. NASH exists kidney disease severity higher than ingestion of high-fat and high-fructose (HFF) diets or infection with O. viverrini. Here, we further investigate whether metagenomics is more likely to change in NASH than in NAFD or opisthorchiasis conditions. The combined group had higher diversity and composition. Elevated levels of Ruminococaceae, Lachospiraceae, Desulfovibrionaceae and Akkermansiaceae and decreased levels of Eggerthellaceae were observed, suggesting that HFF+Ov may cause gut dysbiosis in NASH. Differentially expressed proteins were also associated with these gut microbiomes in NASH condition. In addition, we found that the association of metagenomics and metaproteomics in NASH was related to kidney disease. Analysis using STITCH predicted that host proteome may be involved in leaky gut such as soluble CD14 and p-cresol to promote kidney disease. A significantly expressed TGF-beta involving fibrogenesis was found to be associated with kidney fibrosis. Therefore, alterations of metagenomics and metaproteomics is associated with kidney disease in a combination of opisthorchiasis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

bioinformatics↗

bioRxiv2022

Cholinergic-estrogen interaction underpins the effect of education on attenuating cognitive sex differences in a Thai healthy population

The development of human brain is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors. Sex differences in cognitive function have been found in humans as a result of sexual dimorphism in neural information transmission. Numerous studies have reported the positive effects of education on cognitive functions. However, little work has investigated the effect of education on attenuating cognitive sex differences and the neural mechanisms behind it based on healthy population. In this study, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was employed to examine sex differences in cognitive function in 135 Thai healthy subjects, and label-free proteomic method and bioinformatic analysis were used to study sex-specific neurotransmission-related protein expression profiles. The results showed a sex difference in two WCST subscores: percentage of Total corrects and Total errors in the primary education group (Bayes factor>100) with males performed better, while such differences eliminated in secondary and tertiary education level. Moreover, 11 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between men and women (FDR<0.1) were presented in both education groups, with majority of them upregulated in females. Half of those DEPs interacted directly with nAChR3, whereas the other DEPs were indirectly connected to the cholinergic pathways through interaction with estrogen. These findings implied that Cholinergic-estrogen interaction underpins the effect of education on attenuating cognitive sex differences in a Thai healthy population.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2022

Differential protein expression of GABA A receptor alpha 1 subunit in rat spermatozoa associated with proteomic analysis in testis following methamphetamine administration

Methamphetamine (METH) can induce spermatogenesis impairment, testicular apoptosis, and abnormal sperm quality. It also promotes changes in the expression of receptors for sex hormones and neurotransmitters, including GABA receptors in the testis. Proteomic assessment focusing on proteins involved in the calcium signalling pathway in the testis can facilitate diagnostic factors contributing to testicular and sperm functions, especially those related to spermatogenesis and fertilisation. In this study, we proposed to determine the localization and differential expression of GABA A receptor alpha 1 subunit (GABA A-1) in the spermatozoa of METH-administrated rats. The differential proteomic profile of the testis was also observed by focusing on proteins in the KEGG pathways belonging to the calcium signalling pathway. There were 212 differentially expressed proteins in the rat testis, based on the cut-off value of 1.2-fold change. Most of those proteins, 13 proteins, were classified in the calcium signalling pathway, including 4 down-regulated and 9 up-regulated proteins. An immunolocalization study of the GABA A-1 receptor revealed its localization in the equatorial segment of the acrosome in the rat spermatozoa, a region involved in acrosome reaction. An increase in GABA A-1 receptor in rat spermatozoa was correlated with an increase in abnormal sperm motility and morphology after methamphetamine exposure. All our findings demonstrate that METH influences intracellular calcium homeostasis by acting through the calcium signalling pathway-associated proteins. Moreover, it might disrupt ion homeostasis in sperm through the GABA A-1 receptor, triggering a change in intracellular calcium and chloride ions. These changes may cause abnormalities in spermatogenesis, testicular apoptosis, and sperm quality impairment.

cell biology↗