Biology subjects

Rietjens, I.

Publications and source records attributed to Rietjens, I..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

Impact of carbamate and pyrethroid pesticides on bile acid profiles in an in vitro gut microbiota model

The impact on the microbial community following exposure to commonly used pesticides has recently gained increasing interest. In this study, effects of selected carbamates (carbofuran, aldicarb) and pyrethroids (cypermethrin and cyhalothrin) on gut microbiota and related bile acid metabolism were quantified using a 24 h in vitro fermentation model system with mice feces. The results obtained reveal a pesticide induced significant increase the ratio of secondary over primary bile acids, particularly resulting from the enrichment of {beta}-muricholate ({beta}MCA) accompanied by the depletion of {omega}-muricholate ({omega}MCA). Besides, the bacterial profile showed significantly increased richness of Eggerthellaceae after 24 h exposure to carbofuran and cyhalothrin, and the genera Enterorhabdus belonging to Eggerthellaceae was found to be highly correlated to the fecal bile acid profile. In conclusion, in an in vitro gut microbial model carbamates and pyrethroids caused alterations of the gut microbial community resulting in the modulation of bile acid transformation. This illustrates that the gut microbiota and its metabolism may be a novel target to consider in future pesticide safety evaluations.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2024

Effects of lambda-cyhalothrin on gut microbiota and related bile acid metabolism in mice

BackgroundSince the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host metabolism and homeostasis, its alterations induced by xenobiotics, such as pesticides, could pose a risk to host health. Our previous in vitro fermentation study showed that pyrethroid pesticides could affect the mouse bacterial community and related bile acid profiles. Hence in the present study, the effects of the selected pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin on the intestinal microbial community and its related bile acid metabolism were evaluated in male and female mice. ResultsThe total amount of bile acids in plasma and fecal samples from lambda-cyhalothrin treated mice markedly increased compared to controls, which could be mainly ascribed to the significantly raised proportions of taurine conjugated bile acids in plasma, and the increase in fecal secondary bile acids. In gut microbial profiles, a significantly increased richness of Prevotellacea and a depletion of Lachnospiraceae were found at the family level upon the treatment with lambda-cyhalothrin. ConclusionTreatment of mice with lambda-cyhalothrin affected the gut microbiota with accompanying changes in bile acid homeostasis. The effects on fecal bile acid profiles were in line with those previously observed in our in vitro study and corroborate that pyrethroid pesticides could affect gut microbiota and related bile acid profiles.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2024

A simple in vitro fermentation model to detect alterations in gut microbiota-dependent bile acid profiles

A previous in vivo study showed that lincosamide antibiotics (lincomycin and clindamycin) could induce changes in the gut bacterial community, leading to significant changes in fecal bile acid profiles. Herein, our aim is to develop an animal alternative in vitro model for studying gut microbiota-dependent bile acid profiles induced by xenobiotics. The effects of lincosamides were evaluated using this model, and results obtained were verified by comparing with those of the previous in vivo study. Fecal sample processing and bile acid incubation conditions were developed and optimized using feces collected from Wistar rats, and prepared samples were incubated for 24 h with or without lincosamides. Upon treatment of the fecal gut microbiota with lincosamides primary and secondary bile acids showed obviously increased and decreased levels respectively. Moreover, the changes in bile acid profile could be linked to a reduced richness of family Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacteroidacea and Lactobacillaceae or Prevotellaceae. The consistent consequences of in vivo and in vitro provides a proof of principle for further application on elucidating effects of other xenobiotics on the gut bacterial community and related bile acid metabolism, thereby contributing to the 3Rs (replacement, reduction and refinement) in animal testing.

biochemistry↗