The beta 6 Integrin Negatively Regulates TLR7-Mediated Epithelial Immunity via Autophagy During Influenza A Virus Infection
Integrins are essential surface receptors that sense extracellular changes to initiate various intracellular signaling cascades. The rapid activation of the epithelial-intrinsic {beta}6 integrin during influenza A virus (IAV) infection has been linked to innate immune impairments. Yet, how {beta}6 regulates epithelial immunity remains undefined. Here, we identify the role of {beta}6 in mediating the Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) through the regulation of intracellular trafficking. We demonstrate that deletion of the {beta}6 integrin in lung epithelial cells significantly enhances the TLR7-mediated activation of the type I interferon (IFN) response during homeostasis and respiratory infection. IAV-induced {beta}6 facilitates TLR7 trafficking to lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP2a) components, leading to a reduction in endosomal compartments and associated TLR7 signaling. Our findings reveal an unappreciated role of {beta}6-induced autophagy in influencing epithelial immune responses during influenza virus infection.