Biology subjects

Parreno-Centeno, M.

Publications and source records attributed to Parreno-Centeno, M..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2025

Normal breast tissue classifiers assess large-scale tissue compartments with high accuracy

Cancer research emphasises early detection, yet quantitative methods for normal tissue analysis remain limited. Digitised haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides enable computational histopathology, but artificial intelligence (AI)-based analysis of normal breast tissue (NBT) in whole slide images (WSIs) remains scarce. We curated 70 WSIs of NBTs from multiple sources and cohorts with pathologist-guided manual annotations of epithelium, stroma, and adipocytes (https://github.com/cancerbioinformatics/OASIS). We developed robust convolutional neural network (CNN)-based, patch-level classification models, named NBT-Classifiers, to tessellate and classify NBTs at different scales. Across three external cohorts, NBT-Classifiers trained on 128{square}x{square}128{square}{micro}m and 256{square}x{square}256{square}{micro}m patches achieved AUCs of 0.98-1.00. The model learned independent normal features different from those of precancerous and cancerous epithelium, which were further visualised using two explainable AI techniques. When integrated into an end-to-end preprocessing pipeline, NBT-Classifiers facilitate efficient downstream analysis within peri-lobular regions. NBT-Classifiers provide robust compartment-specific analytical tools and enhance our understanding of NBT appearances, which serve as valuable reference points for identifying premalignant changes and guiding early breast cancer prevention strategies.

pathology↗

bioRxiv2022

A deep learning and graph-based approach to characterise the immunological landscape and spatial architecture of colon cancer tissue

Tumour immunity is key for the prognosis and treatment of colon adenocarcinoma, but its characterisation remains cumbersome and expensive, requiring sequencing or other complex assays. Detecting tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides of cancer tissue would provide a cost-effective alternative to support clinicians in treatment decisions, but inter- and intra-observer variability can arise even amongst experienced pathologists. Furthermore, the compounded effect of other cells in the tumour microenvironment is challenging to quantify but could yield useful additional biomarkers. We combined RNA sequencing, digital pathology and deep learning through the InceptionV3 architecture to develop a fully automated computer vision model that detects prognostic tumour immunity levels in H&E slides of colon adenocarcinoma with an area under the curve (AUC) of 82%. Amongst tumour infiltrating T cell subsets, we demonstrate that CD8+ effector memory T cell patterns are most recognisable algorithmically with an average AUC of 83%. We subsequently applied nuclear segmentation and classification via HoVer-Net to derive complex cell-cell interaction graphs, which we queried efficiently through a bespoke Neo4J graph database. This uncovered stromal barriers and lymphocyte triplets that could act as structural hallmarks of low immunity tumours with poor prognosis. Our integrated deep learning and graph-based workflow provides evidence for the feasibility of automated detection of complex immune cytotoxicity patterns within H&E-stained colon cancer slides, which could inform new cellular biomarkers and support treatment management of this disease in the future.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2021

Genomic hallmarks of cellular dormancy in cancer and therapeutic implications

Therapy resistance in cancer is often driven by a subpopulation of cells that are temporarily arrested in a non-proliferative G0 state, which is difficult to capture and whose mutational drivers remain largely unknown. We developed methodology to robustly identify this state from transcriptomic signals and characterised its prevalence and genomic constraints in solid primary tumours. We show that G0 arrest preferentially emerges in the context of more stable, less mutated genomes which maintain TP53 integrity and lack the hallmarks of DNA damage repair deficiency, while presenting increased APOBEC mutagenesis. We employ machine learning to uncover novel genomic dependencies of this process and validate the role of the centrosomal gene CEP89 as a modulator of proliferation/G0 arrest capacity. Lastly, we demonstrate that G0 arrest underlies unfavourable responses to various therapies exploiting cell cycle, kinase signalling and epigenetic mechanisms in single cell data, and propose a G0 arrest transcriptional signature that is linked with therapeutic resistance and can be used to further study and clinically track this state.

cancer biology↗