Biology subjects

Odimegwu, J. I.

Publications and source records attributed to Odimegwu, J. I..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2020

Clerodendrum Chinensis Extracts; AeC And EeC Exert Rapid Antihypertensive Effects In L-Name Hypertensive Experimental Models.

BackgroundThe rise in occurrence of hypertension, a non-communicable disease and a major factor for chronic renal failure, cardiovascular disease, and stroke, which most times lead to sudden death is worrisome. Resistant hypertension is more common and may have no symptoms at all for months or years, but then can cause heart attack, stroke, and vision and kidney damage. Prevention and quick management of hypertension are therefore essential in reducing the risk of these debilitating ailments. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Clerodendrum chinensis (AeC and EeC) are used by local communities of West Africa as medicine for rapid antihypertensive actions. We aim to discover the scientific basis for the use of the herb as medicine. MethodsThis work investigates the antihypertensive effects of AeC and EeC in L-Arginine Methyl Ester Hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats Acetylcholine, L-Arginine and Sodium Nitroprusside were used as standards. All results were expressed as means {+/-} standard error of mean. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05. ResultsIntravenous administration of the extracts caused a significant decrease in the Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP) in a dose-dependent manner. AeC at 100mg/kg caused a significant decline in blood pressure in a dose-related manner. Likewise at 100mg/kg, EeC reduced MABP steadily from 103.9{+/-} 2.55 to 34.1{+/-} 0.95mmHg. The two extracts; possess significant antihypertensive properties. ConclusionsBoth extracts show significant antihypertensive effects and at high doses could lead to hypotension and so should be used with care. Further research is necessary to determine safe dosage forms.

pharmacology and toxicology↗

bioRxiv2020

HUMAN BREAST TUMOUR CELLS VIABILITY EFFECT OF AFRICAN DIOSCOREA ROTUNDATA TUBER EXTRACTS IN MCF-7 AND MDA-MB231 CELL LINES.

ObjectiveWe aim to test the efficacy of edible Dioscorea species grown and consumed in Nigeria, Africa on two breast cancer cell lines; MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 derived from a luminal and a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) respectively and to confirm safety in non-tumour cells MCF-10A using a well established cytotoxic compound paclitaxel as a standard. Metastatic breast cancer is a prevalent cause of mortality in women around the world. Breast cancer therapies have greatly advanced in recent years, but many patients develop cancer re-occurrence and metastasis and subsequently yield to the disease because of chemoresistance. MethodsEthanolic extracts of Dioscorea rotundata boiled and raw (DiosB and DiosR) respectively were chemically analysed for the presence of diosgenin using HPLC and the cytotoxic activity of the extracts were tested on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cells In vitro by MTT assay. ResultsDiosB and DiosR extracts showed a higher maximal effect on MCF-7 cells than on MDA-MB231 after 24 h and 48 h treatments (p<0.0001 and p<0.05 respectively). DiosR, if applied at a range between 50-70 g/ml, can be effective to reduce breast tumor cell viability without affecting non tumorigenic MCF-10A cells either at 24 h or at 48 h. DiosB showed an IC50 of 38.83g/ml while DiosR showed an IC50 of 41.80g/ml. ConclusionThese results show that ethanolic extracts of Dioscorea rotundata tubers could be used effectively to treat breast cancer tumors and this is in sync with its diosgenin content as other Dioscorea species applied for similar treatments in Asia and elsewhere.

cancer biology↗