psiCLIP reveals dynamic RNA binding by DEAH-box helicases before and after exon ligation
Eight RNA helicases remodel the spliceosome to effect pre-mRNA splicing but their mechanism of action remains poorly understood. We have developed "purified spliceosome iCLIP" (psiCLIP) to define helicase-RNA contacts in specific spliceosomal states. psiCLIP reveals previously unappreciated dynamics of spliceosomal helicases. The binding profile of the helicase Prp16 is influenced by the distance between the branch-point and 3 splice site, while Prp22 binds diffusely on the intron before exon ligation but switches to more narrow binding downstream of the exon junction after exon ligation. Notably, depletion of the exon-ligation factor Prp18 destabilizes Prp22 binding to the pre-mRNA, demonstrating that psiCLIP can be used to study the relationships between helicases and auxiliary splicing factors. Thus, psiCLIP is sensitive to spliceosome dynamics and complements the insights from structural and imaging studies by providing crucial positional information on helicase-RNA contacts during spliceosomal remodeling.