Biology subjects

Naveca, F. G.

Publications and source records attributed to Naveca, F. G..

7 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

Genomic and phenotypic characterization of an Oropouche virus strain implicated in the 2023-24 large-scale outbreak in Brazil

The Orthobunyavirus oropoucheense in a arthropod borne zoonotic pathogen known to infect sylvatic animals and humans by means of biting midges transmission. Several large-scale human outbreaks of Oropouche virus (OROV), primarily confined to the Amazon region, were documented over the decades. However, since 2022, more widespread OROV outbreaks have been unfolding in Brazil and across South America, with cases exported to Cuba, Italy, and Germany. I In Brazil, the virus has reached and established communitary transmission in states from all major regions of the country. Here we isolated, characterized the cytopathic effect and the full genomic sequence of two OROV isolates from the current outbreak. Our data shows that OROV can readily infect and replicate in non-human primate cells, supporting the role of non-human primates as important reservoirs. Phylogenetic data supports a direct introduction of the same lineages causing the 2022-24 outbreak in Brazil from the Amazonas state, the epicenter of the epidemics in Brazil. Lastly, as case counts accumulate in the state and the Northeast region, clear evidence supports established and sustained transmission. Continued studies are critical to understand the transmission cycle in this region, the most important vectors and reservoirs, to appropriately deploy control measures.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2021

Antibody evasion by the Brazilian P.1 strain of SARS-CoV-2

Terminating the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic relies upon pan-global vaccination. Current vaccines elicit neutralizing antibody responses to the virus spike derived from early isolates. However, new strains have emerged with multiple mutations: P.1 from Brazil, B.1.351 from South Africa and B.1.1.7 from the UK (12, 10 and 9 changes in the spike respectively). All have mutations in the ACE2 binding site with P.1 and B.1.351 having a virtually identical triplet: E484K, K417N/T and N501Y, which we show confer similar increased affinity for ACE2. We show that, surprisingly, P.1 is significantly less resistant to naturally acquired or vaccine induced antibody responses than B.1.351 suggesting that changes outside the RBD impact neutralisation. Monoclonal antibody 222 neutralises all three variants despite interacting with two of the ACE2 binding site mutations, we explain this through structural analysis and use the 222 light chain to largely restore neutralization potency to a major class of public antibodies.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2021

A potential SARS-CoV-2 variant of interest (VOI) harboring mutation E484K in the Spike protein was identified within lineage B.1.1.33 circulating in Brazil

The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Brazil was dominated by two lineages designated as B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33. Two SARS-CoV-2 variants harboring mutations at the receptor-binding domain of the Spike (S) protein, designated as lineages P.1 and P.2, evolved within lineage B.1.1.28 and are rapidly spreading in Brazil. Lineage P.1 is considered a Variant of Concern (VOC) because of the presence of multiple mutations in the S protein (including K417T, E484K, N501Y), while lineage P.2 only harbors mutation S:E484K and is considered a Variant of Interest (VOI). Here we report the identification of a new SARS-CoV-2 VOI within lineage B.1.1.33 that also harbors mutation S:E484K and was detected in Brazil between November 2020 and February 2021. This VOI displayed four non-synonymous lineage-defining mutations (NSP3:A1711V, NSP6:F36L, S:E484K, and NS7b:E33A) and was designated as lineage N.9. The VOI N.9 probably emerged in August 2020 and has spread across different Brazilian states from the Southeast, South, North and Northeast regions.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2019

Oropouche virus detection in saliva and urine

Oropouche virus (OROV) is an arthropod-borne virus of the Peribunyaviridae family, transmitted to humans primarily by Culicoides paraensis. It is one of the main arboviruses that infect humans in Brazil, mainly in the Amazon region. We report the OROV detection in the saliva and urine five days after the symptoms onset. Results were further confirmed by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report that OROV may be detected in the saliva and urine of infected patients. In addition, our results may contribute to the current knowledge regarding the natural history of Oropouche fever.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2018

Chikungunya virus outbreak in the Amazon region: replacement of the Asian genotype by an ECSA lineage

BackgroundSince its first detection in the Caribbean in late 2013, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has affected 51 countries in the Americas. The CHIKV epidemic in the Americas was caused by the CHIKV-Asian genotype. In August 2014, local transmission of the CHIKV-Asian genotype was detected in the Brazilian Amazon region. However, a distinct lineage, the CHIKV-East-Central-South-America (ECSA)-genotype, was detected nearly simultaneously in Feira de Santana, Bahia state, northeast Brazil. The genomic diversity and the dynamics of CHIKV in the Brazilian Amazon region remains poorly understood despite its importance to better understand the epidemiological spread and public health impact of CHIKV in the country.\n\nMethodology/Principal FindingsWe report a large CHIKV outbreak (5,928 notified cases between August 2014 and August 2018) in Boa vista municipality, capital city of Roraimas state, located in the Brazilian Amazon region. In just 48 hours, we generated 20 novel CHIKV-ECSA genomes from the Brazilian Amazon region using MinION portable genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that despite an early introduction of the Asian genotype in 2015 in Roraima, the large CHIKV outbreak in 2017 in Boa Vista was caused by an ECSA-lineage most likely introduced from northeastern Brazil.\n\nEpidemiological analyses suggest a basic reproductive number of R0 of 1.66, which translates in an estimated 39 (95% CI: 36 to 45) % of Roraimas population infected with CHIKV-ECSA. Finally, we find a strong association between Google search activity and the local laboratory-confirmed CHIKV cases in Roraima.\n\nConclusions/SignificanceThis study highlights the potential of combining traditional surveillance with portable genome sequencing technologies and digital epidemiology to inform public health surveillance in the Amazon region. Our data reveal a large CHIKV-ECSA outbreak in Boa Vista, limited potential for future CHIKV outbreaks, and indicate a replacement of the Asian genotype by the ECSA genotype in the Amazon region.\n\nAuthor SummaryUntil the end of 2017, Brazil notified the highest number of infections caused by chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in the Americas. We investigated a large CHIKV outbreak in Boa vista municipality in the Brazilian Amazon region. Rapid portable genome sequencing of 20 novel isolates and subsequent genetic analysis revealed that ECSA lineage was introduced from northeastern Brazil to Roraima around July 2016. Epidemiological analyses suggest a basic reproductive number of R0 of 1.66, which suggests that approximately 39% of Roraimas population was infected with CHIKV-ECSA. Given the dominance of the CHIKV-Asian genotype in the Americas, our data highlights the rapid spread of a less understood and poorly characterized CHIKV-ECSA genotype in Brazil. Investigations on potential associations between public health impact of CHIKV and genetic diversity of circulating strains are warranted to better evaluate its impact in Brazil and beyond.

epidemiology↗

bioRxiv2018

Complete genome of a Measles virus from Roraima state, Brazil

Measles is a human infectious disease of global concern caused by the measles virus. In this study, we report the complete genome sequencing of one measles isolate, genotype D8, obtained in Boa Vista city, the capital of the Roraima State, Brazil, directly from the urine sample. Phylogenetics reconstruction grouped the genome described in this study with samples from Australia, Italy, United Kingdom, and the USA. To our knowledge, this is the first complete genome of a wild-type measles virus from Latin America. Therefore, the present data strengthens the current knowledge about the molecular epidemiology of measles worldwide.\n\nSponsorshipsCNPq / CAPES / MS-DECIT / Fiocruz

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2017

Analysis of the immunological biomarker profile during acute Zika virus infection reveals the overexpression of CXCL10, a chemokine already linked to neuronal damage

Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) manifests in a broad spectrum of disease ranging from mild illness to severe neurological complications. To define immunologic correlates of ZIKV infection, we characterized the levels of circulating cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in 54 infected patients of both genders, at five different time-points after symptoms onset using microbeads multiplex immunoassay; statistical analysis and data mining compared to 100 age-matched controls. ZIKV-infected patients present a striking systemic inflammatory response with high levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. Despite the strong inflammatory pattern, IL-1Ra and IL-4 are also induced during acute infection. Interestingly, the inflammatory cytokines, IL-1{beta}, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-, IFN-{gamma}; chemokines, CXCL8, CCL2, CCL5; and the growth factor G-CSF display a bimodal distribution accompanying viremia. While this is the first manuscript to document bimodal distributions of viremia in ZIKV infection, bimodal viremia has been documented in other viral infections with primary viremia peaks during mild systemic disease and a secondary viremia with distribution of the virus to organs and tissues. Moreover, biomarker network analysis demonstrated distinct dynamics in consonance with the bimodal viremia profiles at different time-points during ZIKV infection. Such robust cytokine and chemokine response has been associated with blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroinvasiveness in other flaviviral infections. High-dimensional data analysis further established CXCL10, a chemokine involved in fetal neuron apoptosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome, as the most promising biomarker of acute ZIKV infection for a potential clinical application.\n\nAuthor SummaryInfection with Zika virus manifests in a broad spectrum of disease ranging from mild illness to severe neurological complications. This study characterized the levels of circulating cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in Zika-infected patients showing an inflammatory immune response. Specifically, this study identified a chemokine, CXCL10, known to be involved in fetal neuron apoptosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome, as the most promising biomarker to characterize acute Zika virus infection.

immunology↗