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Najafian, S.

Publications and source records attributed to Najafian, S..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

A Structure-Based hERG Pose Selection Workflow Integrating Induced-Fit Docking, Shape Similarity, Interaction Fingerprints, and Molecular Dynamics

The recent availability of several ligand-bound hERG/Kv11.1 cryo-EM structures creates an opportunity for prospective structure-based modeling, but it also introduces a practical problem: a new ligand may be compatible with only a subset of the available receptor conformations, and docking may generate several plausible poses within each template. We therefore evaluated a template-aware pose-selection framework using the astemizole-, pimozide-, and E4031-bound hERG structures as experimental reference environments, with apo 8ZYN included as a receptor-state control. The ligand set separated into two study-defined chemical regions: a low-polarity, highly lipophilic Group I represented by astemizole and pimozide, and a more polar Group II represented by E4031. Induced-fit docking (IFD) improved self-docking relative to rigid Glide, whereas apo 8ZYN did not reproduce ligand-bound behavior during short molecular dynamics (MD) assessment. Across the retrospective ligand-bound analyses, six of seven group-matched systems met the dual MD-quality criterion, whereas none of eight group-mismatched systems did. Highest static shape similarity was the most consistent pose-selection criterion for Group I, while an interaction-fingerprint (IFP)-favored 30:70 shape:IFP composite was retained provisionally for the single retrospective Group II reference. Application to dofetilide, ibutilide, and terfenadine produced binding hypotheses with residue-contact patterns consistent with independent hERG literature. Together, these results support using ligand-bound hERG structures as chemically selective reference environments for pose prioritization rather than as interchangeable receptor templates.

pharmacology and toxicology↗

A theory of cortical map formation in the visual brain

The cerebral cortex receives multiple afferents from the thalamus that segregate by stimulus modality forming cortical maps for each sense. In vision, the primary visual cortex maps the multiple dimensions of the visual stimulus in patterns that vary across species for reasons unknown. Here we introduce a general theory of cortical map formation, which proposes that map diversity emerges from species variations in the thalamic afferent density sampling sensory space. In the theory, increasing afferent sampling density enlarges the cortical domains representing the same visual point, allowing the segregation of afferents and cortical targets by multiple stimulus dimensions. We illustrate the theory with an afferent-density model that accurately replicates the maps of different species through afferent segregation followed by thalamocortical convergence pruned by visual experience. Because thalamocortical pathways use similar mechanisms for axon segregation and pruning, the theory may extend to other sensory areas of the mammalian brain.

neuroscience↗