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Biology subjects

Muli, E.

Publications and source records attributed to Muli, E..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

Planting 10 Million Trees with Lukenya University in Kenya: Methodology and Preliminary Observations and Forecasts

Lukenya University has recently begun implementing a Ten Million Tree Growing Initiative, as part a larger national multi-institutional country-wide tree growing program. In this paper we describe the methods used as far as tree selection and the planting itself. Note that most of the trees are not planted directly by the institution by given to farmers to plant on their land, with instruction as to how to choose a location and how to technically perform the planting and maintenance to ensure greater success for the tree and the environment surrounding it. This knowledge arises out of years of experience as far as both the biology of planting and the social interaction with smallholder farmer communities. We kept track of the survival and growth of a subsample of a number of different tree species. After about two years of operation, we performed a statistical analysis on preliminary data. We observe statistically significant advantages to survival and relative growth volume to indigenous trees and the aforementioned comprehensive instruction before plotting, among other observations we relate from the hypothesis tests performed. Finally, we present estimates of the carbon sequestration and economic value of the trees to the community. Summarizing, the paper presents a comprehensive transparent display of a tree growing initiative, a common endeavor motivated to maximize social welfare and climate change resilience, and in so doing can develop the knowledge of best practices for these purposes.

ecology↗

Effect of Weather and Soil on Medicinal Plant Production in East African Arid Acacias: A Simulation Study

1In African countries various tree spcies are a key part in Non Timber Forest Production (NTFP) economy, be it for fruit, resin collection or medicinal use. Among these species Acacias play an important role in the arid and semi-arid dry-lands over Africa. In this study we explore the potential of BioGeoChemical Modelling techniques to assess growth peformance of Acacia ocurrences within their natural environment, where they only may persist against rain-fed grassland vegetation when having access to seasonally changing groundwater tables. Within this study we assess the applicability of BGC-modeling techonologies to pastoral and AgroForestry settings within a semi-arid region in Kenya. Results show that effects of (i) changing hydrological patterns, (ii) fire and grazing regimes and (iii) plant use for resin production may be captured.

ecology↗

Investigating the viral ecology of global bee communities with high-throughput metagenomics

Bee viral ecology is a fascinating emerging area of research: viruses exert a range of effects on their hosts, exacerbate the impacts of other environmental stressors, and, importantly, are readily shared across multiple bee species in a community. However, our understanding of bee viral communities is limited, as it is primarily derived from studies of North American and European Apis mellifera populations. Here, we examined viruses in populations of A. mellifera and 11 other bee species from 9 countries, across 5 continents and Oceania. We developed a novel pipeline to rapidly, inexpensively, and robustly screen for bee viruses. This pipeline includes purification of encapsulated RNA/DNA viruses, sequence-independent amplification, high throughput sequencing, integrated assembly of contigs, and filtering to identify contigs specifically corresponding to viral sequences. We identified sequences corresponding to (+)ssRNA, (-)ssRNA, dsRNA, and ssDNA viruses. Overall, we found 127 contigs corresponding to novel viruses (i.e. previously not observed in bees), with 29 represented by >0.1 % of the reads in a given sample. These viruses and viral families were distributed across multiple regions and species. This study provides a robust pipeline for metagenomics analysis of viruses, and greatly expands our understanding of the diversity of viruses found in bee communities.

genomics↗