Mei, D. | Search bioRxiv

bioRxiv2021

Developmental and Intergenerational Landscape of Human Circulatory Lipidome and its Association with Obesity Risk

Lipids play a vital role in human health and development, but changes to their circulatory levels during gestation and in early life are poorly understood. Here we present the first developmental and intergenerational landscape of the human circulatory lipidome, derived by profiling of 480 lipid species representing 25 lipid classes, in mothers and their offspring (n=2491). Levels of 66% of the profiled lipids increased in maternal circulation during gestation, while cord blood had higher concentrations of acylcarnitines and lysophospholipids. The offspring lipidome at age six years revealed striking similarities with postnatal maternal lipidome (adult) in its lipid composition and concentrations. Comparison of lipids associated with child and maternal adiposity identified a 92% overlap, implying intergenerational similarities in the lipid signatures of obesity risk. We also catalogued lipid signatures linked with maternal adiposity during gestation and offspring birthweight, and validated (>70% overlap) the findings in an independent birth-cohort (n=1935).

systems biology↗

bioRxiv2019

An epigenetic LTR-retrotransposon insertion in the upstream region of BnSHP1.A9 controls quantitative pod shattering resistance in Brassica napus

Seed loss resulting from pod shattering is a major problem in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) production worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying pod shatter resistance are not well understood. Here we show that the pod shatter resistance at quantitative trait locus, qSRI.A9.1 is controlled by a SHATTERPROOF1 (SHP1) paralog in B. napus (BnSHP1.A9). Expression analysis by quantitative RT-PCR showed that BnSHP1.A9 was specifically expressed in flower buds, flowers and developing siliques in the oilseed rape line (R1) carrying the qSRI.A9.1 allele with negative effect, but not expressed in any tissue of the line (R2) carrying the positive effect qSRI.A9.1 allele. Transgenic plants constitutively expressing BnSHP1.A9 alleles from pod resistant and pod shattering parental lines showed that both alleles are responsible for pod shattering via promoting lignification of enb layer, which indicated allelic difference of BnSHP1.A9 gene per se is not the causal factor of the QTL. The upstream sequence of BnSHP1.A9 in the promotor region harboring highly methylated long terminal repeat retrotransposon insertion (LTR, 4803bp) in R2 repressed the expression of BnSHP.A9, and thus contributed to the positive effect on pod shatter resistance. Genetic and association analysis revealed that the copia LTR retrotransposon based marker BnSHP1.A9-R2 can be used for breeding for pod shatter resistant varieties and reducing the loss of seed yield in oilseed rape.

genetics↗