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Liveanu, V.

Publications and source records attributed to Liveanu, V..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

The GT1 domain of RNase J ensures RNA quality control through dsRNA binding in Arabidopsis plastids

RNase J is a ribonuclease found in bacteria, archaea, and plant chloroplasts, and plays diverse roles in RNA maturation and stability. Chloroplast RNase J is encoded by the nuclear RNJ locus and is essential for embryo maturation. Arabidopsis or tobacco plants depleted for RNase J accumulate massive amounts of double-stranded RNA, which interferes with translation and causes chlorosis. Land plant RNase J uniquely contains a C-terminal GT1 domain, a DNA- binding motif found in transcription factors. Here, we have used complementation of an Arabidopsis rnj mutant with versions of RNase J with a mutated or deleted GT1 domain to investigate its role in RNase J function. We show that in vitro, the recombinant GT1 domain binds both double-stranded RNA and DNA, but not single-stranded nucleic acids, with no sequence specificity. Furthermore, while RNase J lacking GT1 binding complements the rnj mutant, these plants accumulate high levels of dsRNA as detected by immunolocalization and RNA-Seq. GT1 mutations also change RNase J solubility in vivo, suggesting that the GT1 domain is involved in localization within the plastid. Taken together, our results suggest that the GT1 domain plays a key role in dsRNA removal through localizing the enzyme and/or selectively binding the dsRNA substrate. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=81 SRC="FIGDIR/small/682605v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (21K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@e5642borg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@136456org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1205466org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@184f72b_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG

plant biology↗

The desert green algae Chlorella ohadii thrives at excessive high light intensities by exceptionally enhancing the mechanisms that protect photosynthesis from photoinhibition

Although light is the driving force of photosynthesis, excessive light can be harmful. One of the main processes that limits photosynthesis is photoinhibition, the process of light-induced photodamage. When the absorbed light exceeds the amount that is dissipated by photosynthetic electron flow and other processes, damaging radicals are formed that mostly inactivate photosystem II (PSII). Damaged PSII must be replaced by a newly repaired complex in order to preserve full photosynthetic activity. Chlorella ohadii is a green micro-alga, isolated from biological desert soil crusts, that thrives under extreme high light and is highly resistant to photoinhibition. Therefore, C. ohadii is an ideal model for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying protection against photoinhibition. Comparison of the thylakoids of C. ohadii cells that were grown under low light versus extreme high light intensities, found that the alga employs all three known photoinhibition protection mechanisms: i) massive reduction of the PSII antenna size; ii) accumulation of protective carotenoids; and iii) very rapid repair of photo-damaged reaction center proteins. This work elucidated the molecular mechanisms of photoinhibition resistance in one of the most light-tolerant photosynthetic organisms and shows how photoinhibition protection mechanisms evolved to marginal conditions, enabling photosynthesis-dependent life in severe habitats. One Sentence HighlightAnalysis of the photosynthetic properties of a desert algae that thrives at extreme high light intensities revealed protection from photoinhibition driven by the remarkable enhancement of three protection mechanisms.

plant biology↗