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Legrand, F.

Publications and source records attributed to Legrand, F..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Rapid GPR183-mediated recruitment of eosinophils to the lung after Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Influx of eosinophils into the lungs is typically associated with type-II responses during allergy, fungal and parasitic infections. However, we previously reported that eosinophils accumulate in lung lesions during type-I inflammatory responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in humans, macaques, and mice where they contribute to host resistance. Here we show eosinophils migrate into the lungs of macaques and mice as early as one week after Mtb-exposure. In mice this influx was CCR3 independent and instead required cell-intrinsic expression of the oxysterol-receptor GPR183, which is highly expressed on human and macaque eosinophils. Murine eosinophils interacted directly with bacilli-laden alveolar macrophages, which upregulated the oxysterol-synthesizing enzyme Ch25h, and eosinophil recruitment was impaired in Ch25h deficient mice. Our findings show that eosinophils are among the first cells from circulation to sense and respond to Mtb infection of alveolar macrophages and reveal a novel role for GPR183 in the migration of eosinophils into lung tissue. O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=200 SRC="FIGDIR/small/480919v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (105K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@e8cd29org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1f5769borg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@3dce9borg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1c75587_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG HIGHLIGHTSIn mice and macaques eosinophils accumulate early in Mtb-infected lungs preceding neutrophils Eosinophils interact with Mtb-infected cells in the alveoli in mice Early pulmonary eosinophil migration occurs independently of CCR3 in mice Early lung migration in mice requires Ch25h and eosinophil-intrinsic GPR183 expression

immunology↗

Maize residues changes soil fungal composition and decrease soil microbial co-ocurrence networks complexity.

Fusarium graminearum (Fg) can cause different diseases in cereals and maize crops worldwide, and a correct management of previous crop residues could decrease disease incidence and/or severity. Bacterial, fungal and Fusarium communities were studied by metabarcoding approach in 8 agricultural fields with wheat-maize rotation system in Brittany, France, during three years. Additionally, shift in microbial communities were evaluated under mesocosm experiments in soils amended or not with maize residues and/or Fg isolate. Bacterial communities composition were highly influenced by crop soil origin in both environmental and mesocosm soils, while bacteria co-occurrence network complexity was decreased by maize residues in environmental samples and Fg treatment in mesocosm samples. Maize residues altered slightly bacteria-fungi co-occurrence networks, while all treatments on mesoscosm experiments showed lower complexity in bacteria-fungi networks than Control Soil treatment. A clear input of fungal genera Epicoccum, Fusarium, Vishniacozyma, Articulospora, Papiliotrema, Sarocladium, Xenobotryosphaeria, Ramularia, Cladosporium, Cryptococcus and Bullera from maize residues to soil were observed for both environmental and mesocosm samples. Moreover, an increase of F. graminearum and F. avenaceum was observed in soils whe maize residues were presented. Finally, microbial co-occurrence networks reported some OTUs significant correlated to Fusarium spp. OTUs, such as those assigned to Epicoccum, Vishniacozyma and Sarocladium fungal genera, previously reported as efficient biocontrol agents versus Fusarium spp. Moreover, a decrease of complexity was observed for soil bacterial and bacterial-fungal networks due to maize addition in both environmental and mesocoms communities.

microbiology↗