Biology subjects

Leelahavanichkul, A.

Publications and source records attributed to Leelahavanichkul, A..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2025

A combination of the extract from Phellinus linteus with Smilax spp. attenuates colorectal and prostate cancers

The current study investigated the effects of Thai remedy herbal extracts from Phellinus linteus (PL) and a combination of P. linteus with Smilax corbularia and S. glabra (PSS) on colorectal, prostate cancer cell lines, along with kidney cell lines in vitro, as well as their effects on mice subcutaneously injected with colorectal cancer cells. The IC50 values of PSS and PL were evaluated using the MTT assay, and their effects on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction were examined. RT-qPCR was performed to analyze the expression of proliferation-related genes following treatment with PSS and PL. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were also treated with these extracts to assess gene expression related to macrophage polarization, and macrophages tumoricidal activity was measured using CFDA-SE-labeled cancer cells. In addition, an animal tumor xenograft model was employed to determine the in vivo efficacy of PSS and PL. The results revealed that both PSS and PL exerted cytotoxic effects on colorectal, prostate, and kidney cancer cell lines. PSS induced G2 phase arrest in all colorectal cancer cell lines but not in PC3 cells and showed a mild effect on apoptosis induction in colorectal and prostate cancer cells. The inhibition of proliferation was partly associated with the downregulation of genes involved in cancer progression by both PL and PSS. Moreover, PL and PSS interfered with cancer supernatant-stimulated macrophages, upregulating M1-associated genes and downregulating M2-associated genes. In vivo, PSS reduced tumor volume in HCT116 cell-injected mice, and co-incubation of fluorescently labeled HCT116 cells with TAMs and PSS decreased fluorescence intensity, whereas PL alone did not exhibit these effects. Collectively, these findings indicate that both PL and PSS inhibit cancer cell proliferation in vitro, but only PSS demonstrated significant antitumor activity in vivo.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2019

Inhibition of Sting rescues lupus disease by the regulation of Lyn-mediated dendritic cell differentiation

SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation and leads to fatality if left untreated. Immune complex-mediated inflammation and type I IFN signaling pathways are one of the mechanisms initiating lupus disease. Signaling through stimulator of interferon genes (STING) leads to the production of type I IFN and inflammatory cytokines. However, the role of STING in lupus mouse models is controversy. Here we demonstrated the mechanisms of STING involving in SLE pathogenesis at the molecular level. The disruption of STING signaling rescued lupus disease in Fcgr2b-deficient mice. STING activated DC facilitated T cell proliferation, which depended on intrinsic expression of STING on DC but not on T cells. Upon STING activation, LYN was recruited and co-localized with STING in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC). STING signaling induced phosphorylated LYN and AKT. The inhibition of LYN prohibited STING-induced DC differentiation. Adoptive transfer of STING-activated BMDC into the FCGR2B and STING double-deficiency mice restored lupus phenotypes. These findings provide the proof of concept that inhibition of STING signaling is a promising therapeutic approach for SLE patients.

immunology↗

bioRxiv2018

Monitoring Anti-Pythium insidiosum IgG Antibodies and (1->3)-β-D-Glucan in Vascular Pythiosis

BackgroundDespite aggressive treatment, vascular pythiosis has a mortality rate of 40%. This is due to the delay in diagnosis and lack of effective monitoring tools. To overcome this drawback, serum beta-D-glucan (BG) and P. insidiosum specific antibody (Pi-Ab) were examined as potential monitoring markers in vascular pythiosis.\n\nMethodsA prospective cohort study of vascular pythiosis patients was carried on during January 2010-July 2016. Clinical information and blood samples were collected and evaluated by the BG and Pi-Ab assays. Linear mixed effect models were used to compare BG and Pi-Ab levels. The in vitro susceptibility test was performed in all P. insidiosum isolates from culture positive cases.\n\nResultsA total of 50 patients were enrolled; 45 survived and 5 died during follow-up. The survivors had a significantly shorter time to medical care (p<0.0001) and a significantly shorter waiting time to the first surgery (p<0.0001). There were no differences in BG levels among the groups at diagnosis (p=0.17); however, BG levels among survivors were significantly lower than the deceased group at 0.5 months (p<0.0001) and became undetectable after 3 months. Survivors were able to maintain ELISA value (EV) of Pi-Ab above 8, whereas EV among deceased patients was less than 4. In vitro susceptibility results revealed no synergistic effects between itraconazole and terbinafine.\n\nConclusionsThis study showed that BG and Pi-Ab were potentially valuable markers to monitor the disease after treatment initiation. An unchanged BG level at 2 weeks after surgery should prompt an evaluation for residual disease.

microbiology↗