Biology subjects

Lauc, G.

Publications and source records attributed to Lauc, G..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2018

Defining the genetic control of human blood plasma N-glycome using genome-wide association study

Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification of proteins. It is known, that glycans are directly involved in the pathophysiology of every major disease. Defining genetic factors altering glycosylation may provide a basis for novel approaches to diagnostic and pharmaceutical applications. Here, we report a genome-wide association study of the human blood plasma N-glycome composition in up to 3811 people. We discovered and replicated twelve loci. This allowed us to demonstrate a clear overlap in genetic control between total plasma and IgG glycosylation. Majority of loci contained genes that encode enzymes directly involved in glycosylation (FUT3/FUT6, FUT8, B3GAT1, ST6GAL1, B4GALT1, ST3GAL4, MGAT3, and MGAT5). We, however, also found loci that are likely to reflect other, more complex, aspects of plasma glycosylation process. Functional genomic annotation suggested the role of DERL3, which potentially highlights the role of glycoprotein degradation pathway, and such transcription factor as IKZF1.

genetics↗

bioRxiv2018

Decreased IgG core fucosylation, a player in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, is associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are the most common group of autoimmune diseases, associated with lymphocyte infiltration and the production of thyroid autoantibodies, like thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), in the thyroid gland. Immunoglobulins (Igs) and cell-surface receptors are glycoproteins with distinctive glycosylation patterns that play a structural role in maintaining and modulating their functions. We investigated associations of total circulating IgG and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) glycosylation with AITD and the influence of genetic background. The study revealed an inverse association of IgG core fucosylation with TPOAb and PBMCs antennary 1,2 fucosylation with AITD, but no shared genetic variance between AITD and glycosylation. These data suggest that the decreased level of IgG core fucosylation is a risk factor for AITD that promotes antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) associated with TPOAb levels.

immunology↗

bioRxiv2018

Genome-wide Meta-analysis of 158,000 Individuals of European Ancestry Identifies Three Loci Associated with Chronic Back Pain

OBJECTIVESTo conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of chronic back pain (CBP).\n\nMETHODSAdults of European ancestry were included from 16 cohorts in Europe and North America. CBP cases were defined as those reporting back pain present for >3-6 months; non-cases were included as comparisons (\"controls\"). Each cohort conducted genotyping using commercially available arrays followed by imputation. GWAS used logistic regression models with additive genetic effects, adjusting for age, sex, study-specific covariates, and population substructure. The threshold for genome-wide significance in the fixed-effect inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis was p<5x10-8. Suggestive (p<5x10-7) and genome-wide significant (p<5x10-8) variants were carried forward for replication or further investigation in an independent sample.\n\nRESULTSThe discovery sample was comprised of 158,025 individuals, including 29,531 CBP cases. A genome-wide significant association was found for the intronic variant rs12310519 in SOX5 (OR 1.08, p=7.2x10-10). This was subsequently replicated in an independent sample of 283,752 subjects, including 50,915 cases (OR 1.06, p=5.3x10-11), and exceeded genome-wide significance in joint meta-analysis (0R=1.07, p=4.5x10-19). We found suggestive associations at three other loci in the discovery sample, two of which exceeded genome-wide significance in joint meta-analysis: an intergenic variant, rs7833174, located between CCDC26 and GSDMC (OR 1.05, p=4.4x10-13), and an intronic variant, rs4384683, in DCC (OR 0.97, p=2.4x10-10).\n\nDISCUSSIONIn this first reported meta-analysis of GWAS for CBP, we identified and replicated a genetic locus associated with CBP (SOX5). We also identified 2 other loci that reached genome-wide significance in a 2-stage joint meta-analysis (CCDC26/GSDMC and DCC).

genomics↗

bioRxiv2016

Connecting genetic risk to disease endpoints through the human blood plasma proteome

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with intermediate phenotypes, like changes in metabolite and protein levels, provide functional evidence for mapping disease associations and translating them into clinical applications. However, although hundreds of genetic risk variants have been associated with complex disorders, the underlying molecular pathways often remain elusive. Associations with intermediate traits across multiple chromosome locations are key in establishing functional links between GWAS-identified risk-variants and disease endpoints. Here, we describe a GWAS performed with a highly multiplexed aptamer-based affinity proteomics platform. We quantified associations between protein level changes and gene variants in a German cohort and replicated this GWAS in an Arab/Asian cohort. We identified many independent, SNP-protein associations, which represent novel, inter-chromosomal links, related to autoimmune disorders, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and many other disease endpoints. We integrated this information into a genome-proteome network, and created an interactive web-tool for interrogations. Our results provide a basis for new approaches to pharmaceutical and diagnostic applications.

genetics↗