La Perle, K. | Search bioRxiv

bioRxiv2019

Tagging allows faithful tracing of expression and enhances biochemical detection of Ran Binding Protein 9 in vivo.

The lack of tools to reliably detect RanBP9 in vivo has significantly hampered progress in understanding the biological functions of this scaffold protein. We report here the generation of a novel mouse strain, RanBP9-TT, in which the endogenous protein is fused with a double (V5-HA) epitope tag at the C-terminus. We show that the double tag does not interfere with the essential functions of RanBP9. In contrast to RanBP9 constitutive knock-out animals, RanBP9-TT mice are viable, fertile and do not show any obvious phenotype. The V5-HA tag allows unequivocal detection of RanBP9 both by IHC and WB. Importantly, immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses reveal that the tagged protein pulls down known interactors of wild type RanBP9. Thanks to the increased detection power, we are also unveiling a novel interaction with Nucleolin, a prominent nucleolar protein. In summary, we report the generation of a new mouse line in which RanBP9 expression and interactions can be reliably studied by the use of commercially available tag antibodies. The use of this line will help to overcome some of the existing limitations in the study of RanBP9 and potentially reveal novel functions of this protein in vivo such as those linked to Nucleolin.

bioengineering↗

bioRxiv2019

Identification of frequent activating HER2 mutations in primary canine pulmonary adenocarcinoma

Naturally occurring primary canine lung cancers are aggressive malignancies that are increasingly common in pet dogs. They share clinicopathologic features with human lung cancers in never-smokers, but their genetic underpinnings are unknown. Through multi-platform sequencing of 88 primary canine lung tumors or cell lines, we discovered somatic, coding HER2 (ERRB2) point mutations in 38% of canine pulmonary adenocarcinomas (cPAC, 28/74), but none in adenosquamous (cPASC, 0/11) or squamous cell (cPSCC, 0/3) carcinomas. In cPASC, PTEN was the most frequently mutated gene (18%) while one case each bore likely pathogenic HRAS, KRAS, EGFR, MET, TP53, or VHL somatic mutations. In cPSCC, no recurrently mutated genes were identified, but individual somatic coding mutations were found in BRAF and PTPN11. In cPAC, we also identified recurrent somatic mutation of TP53 (13.5%), SMAD4 (5.4%), PTEN (4.1%), and VHL (2.7%). cPACs assessed by exome sequencing displayed a low somatic mutation burden (median 64 point mutations, 19 focal copy number variants, and 1 translocation). The majority (93%) of HER2 mutations were hotspot V659E transmembrane domain (TMD) mutations comparable to activating mutations at this same site in human cancer. Other HER2 mutations identified in this study were located in the extracellular domain and TMD. HER2V659E was detected in the plasma of 33% (2/6) of dogs with localized HER2V659E tumors. HER2V659E correlated with constitutive phosphorylation of AKT in cPAC cell lines and HER2V659E lines displayed hypersensitivity to the HER2 inhibitors lapatinib and neratinib relative to HER2-wild-type cell lines. These findings have translational and comparative relevance for lung cancer and HER2 inhibition.

cancer biology↗