Biology subjects

Klink, V. P.

Publications and source records attributed to Klink, V. P..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

The sugar beet root maggot, Tetanops myopaeformis transcriptome sample statistics in relation to it experiencing susceptible and resistant reactions with sugar beet, Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris

The sugar beet root maggot (SBRM), Tetanops myopaeformis (von Roder), is a devastating insect pathogen of sugar beet (SB), Beta vulgaris ssp, vulgaris (B. vulgaris), one of only two plants in the world from which significant global raw sugar is produced, $1 billion, U.S., $4.6 B, globally. Experiments reveal the SBRM larval transcriptome experiencing two different susceptible or resistant responses by sugar beet SBRM larvae were sampled at time = 0 hours post infection [hpi]), prior to being introduced to B. vulgaris and after infection on F1016 and F1024 (resistant), and F1010 and L19 (susceptible) for 24, 48, and 72 hpi when the larvae were removed for transcriptomic analysis. The transcriptomic analyses included determining the number of reads per sample, mapping the transcripts to the recently sequenced SBRM TmSBRM_v1.0 draft genome, identifying genes that relate to the resistant and susceptible responses. Moreover, the RNA-seq experiments provide data for generating differential expression analyses between the various sample types, thus, yielding an understanding SBRM biology, the development of new control strategies for this pathogen, relationship to model genetic organisms like Drosophila melanogaster, relationship to pathogenic non-model organisms, and aid in agronomic improvement of sugar beet for stakeholders.

genomics↗

bioRxiv2024

Glycine max polygalacturonase inhibiting protein 11 (GmPGIP11) functions in the root to suppress Heterodera glycines parasitism

Pathogen-secreted polygalacturonases (PGs) alter plant cell wall structure by cleaving the - (1[->]4) linkages between D-galacturonic acid residues in homogalacturonan (HG), macerating the cell wall, facilitating infection. Plant PG inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) disengage pathogen PGs, impairing infection. The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, obligate root parasite produces secretions, generating a multinucleate nurse cell called a syncytium, a byproduct of the merged cytoplasm of 200-250 root cells, occurring through cell wall maceration. The common cytoplasmic pool, surrounded by an intact plasma membrane, provides a source from which H. glycines derives nourishment but without killing the parasitized cell during a susceptible reaction. The syncytium is also the site of a naturally-occurring defense response that happens in specific G. max genotypes. Transcriptomic analyses of RNA isolated from the syncytium undergoing the process of defense have identified that one of the 11 G. max PGIPs, GmPGIP11, is expressed during defense. Functional transgenic analyses show roots undergoing GmPGIP11 overexpression (OE) experience an increase in its relative transcript abundance (RTA) as compared to the ribosomal protein 21 (GmRPS21) control, leading to a decrease in H. glycines parasitism as compared to the overexpression control. The GmPGIP11 undergoing RNAi experiences a decrease in its RTA as compared to the GmRPS21 control with transgenic roots experiencing an increase in H. glycines parasitism as compared to the RNAi control. Pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) triggered immunity (PTI) and effector triggered immunity (ETI) components are shown to influence GmPGIP11 expression while numerous agricultural crops are shown to have homologs.

plant biology↗

bioRxiv2023

An assembly of genomic dataset sequences of the sugar beet root maggot Tetanops myopaeformis, TpSBRM_v1.0

The sugar beet root maggot (SBRM), Tetanops myopaeformis (von Roder), is a devastating pathogen of sugar beet (SB), Beta vulgaris, ssp vulgaris (B. vulgaris), an important food crop, while also being one of only two plants globally from which sugar is widely produced, and accounting for 35% of global raw sugar with an annual farm value of $3 billion in the United States alone. SBRM is the most devastating pathogen of sugar beet in North America. The limited natural resistance of B. vulgaris necessitates an understanding of the SBRM genome to facilitate generating knowledge of its basic biology, including the interaction between the pathogen and its host(s). Presented is the de novo assembled draft genome sequence of T. myopaeformis isolated from field-grown B. vulgaris in North Dakota, USA. The SBRM genome sequence will also be valuable for molecular genetic marker development to facilitate host resistance gene identification and knowledge, including SB polygalacturonase inhibiting protein (PGIP), and development of new control strategies for this pathogen. SPECIFICATIONSOrganism/cell line/tissue: Tetanops myopaeformis Sequencer or array type: PacBio Revio flow cell Data format: Raw and processed Experimental factors: DNA extracted from a wild-type strain, no treatment Experimental features: Genome sequencing Consent n/a Sample source location: Sugar beet field at Fargo, North Dakota, USA DIRECT LINK TO DEPOSITED DATABioSample accession: SAMN37733483 Temporary Submission ID: SUB13882507 BioProject ID: PRJNA1026092 Release date: 2024-09-09, or with the release of linked data, whichever is first

genomics↗

bioRxiv2018

Mitogen activated protein kinases function as a cohort during a plant defense response

Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play important signal transduction roles. However, little is known regarding whether MAPKs influence the gene expression of other family members and the relationship that expression has to a biological process. Transcriptomic studies have identified MAPK gene expression occurring within root cells undergoing a defense response to a pathogenic event in the allotetraploid Glycine max. Furthermore, functional analyses are presented for its 32 MAPKs revealing 9 of the 32 MAPKs have a defense role, including homologs of Arabidopsis thaliana MAPK (MPK) MPK2, MPK3, MPK4, MPK5, MPK6, MPK13, MPK16 and MPK20. Defense signal transduction processes occurring through pathogen activated molecular pattern (PAMP) triggered immunity (PTI) and effector triggered immunity (ETI) have been determined in relation to these MAPKs. PTI has been analyzed by examining BOTRYTIS INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1), ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (EDS1) and LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 (LSD1). ETI has been analyzed by examining the role of the bacterial effector protein harpin and the downstream cell membrane receptor NON-RACE SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE1 (NDR1). Experiments have identified 5 different types of gene expression relating to MAPK expression. The MAPKs are shown to influence PTI and ETI gene expression and a panel of proven defense genes including an ABC-G type transporter, 20S membrane fusion particle components, glycoside biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, hemicellulose modification, transcription and PATHOGENESIS RELATED 1 (PR1). The experiments show MAPKs broadly influence the expression of other defense MAPKs, including the co-regulation of parologous MAPKs and reveal its relationship to proven defense genes.

molecular biology↗