Biology subjects

Kherrouche, Z.

Publications and source records attributed to Kherrouche, Z..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2025

Oncogenic mutations convert MET from a pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor to an oncogenic driver

Dependence receptors can exert both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive activities. In cancers, downregulation of dependence receptors or overexpression of their ligands are well-established mechanisms that drive tumor progression. However, direct genetic alterations abolishing the pro-apoptotic function of dependence receptors have not been documented so far. MET, a receptor tyrosine kinase classically viewed as an oncogene, has also been proposed to act as a dependence receptor through its caspase-mediated cleavage, but whether this property impacts tumorigenesis remained unknown. In [~]3% of lung adenocarcinomas, MET mutations leading to exon 14 skipping (METex14Del) remove both the caspase site and the adjacent CBL-binding motif, thereby preventing generation of the pro-apoptotic p40MET fragment. METex14Del promotes sustained signaling, enhanced invasion, apoptosis resistance, and tumor growth in HGF-humanized mice. Genome editing revealed that combined --but not individual-- mutations of the caspase and CBL sites phenocopy METex14Del. Moreover, inducible re-expression of p40MET in METex14Del-expressing cells restored apoptosis and suppressed tumor formation. Altogether, our findings identify MET exon 14 skipping as the first oncogenic mutation that drives tumorigenesis by abolishing the tumor-suppressive pro-apoptotic function of a dependence receptor, thereby redefining the oncogenic potential of MET.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2023

Prolonging lung cancer response to EGFR inhibition by targeting the selective advantage of resistant cells

Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) almost invariably relapse in the long term, due to the emergence of subpopulations of resistant cells. Here we show that the lack of sensitivity of these cells to EGFR-TKIs constitutes a vulnerability that can be potentially targeted. Through a DNA barcoding approach, we demonstrate that the clinically approved drug sorafenib specifically abolishes the selective advantage of EGFR-TKI-resistant cells, while preserving the response of EGFR-TKI-sensitive cells, thus resulting in overall inhibition of clonal evolution within the tumor cell mass population. Sorafenib is active against multiple mechanisms of resistance/tolerance to EGFR-TKIs and its effects depend on early inhibition of MAPK interacting kinase (MNK) activity and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, and later down-regulation of MCL1 and EGFR. Using several xenograft and allograft models to recapitulate different mechanisms and kinetics of acquired resistance, we show that the sorafenib-EGFR-TKI combination can substantially delay tumor growth and promote the recruitment of inflammatory cells. Together, our findings indicate that sorafenib can substantially prolong the response to EGFR-TKIs by targeting NSCLC capacity to adapt to treatment through the emergence of resistant cells.

cancer biology↗