Biology subjects

Khan, D. F.

Publications and source records attributed to Khan, D. F..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2023

Dysfunctional effector memory CD8 T cells in the bronchoalveolar compartment of people living with HIV

Mechanisms by which HIV causes susceptibility to respiratory pathogens remain incompletely understood. We obtained whole blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from people with latent TB infection in the presence or absence of antiretroviral-naive HIV co-infection. Transcriptomic and flow cytometric analyses demonstrated HIV-associated cell proliferation plus type I interferon activity in blood and effector memory CD8 T-cells in BAL. Both compartments displayed reduced induction of CD8 T-cell-derived IL-17A in people with HIV, associated with elevated T-cell regulatory molecule expression. The data suggest that dysfunctional CD8 T-cell responses in uncontrolled HIV contribute to susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections, including tuberculosis.

immunology↗

bioRxiv2023

Triggering blood-lipid-profile by immunomodulatory and antimicrobial molecules for cross-evaluation of early detection of cancer

BackgroundAl-guided mapping establishes relationship between gene-signature and phenotype. Since, Immunomodulatory & antimicrobial molecules, both show anticancer as well as their relation with lipid; therefore, can be further used for cross-validation or enrichment analysis for early detection of cancer. Considering the information, a study was performed on the influence of Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial molecules on blood lipid profile at the early stage of cancer. Materials and MethodPresent study established a relationship between small molecule-vs-genotype to phenotype. Genotypic features extracted through RNAseq analysis for stomach adenocarcinoma, which was further mapped with blood lipid profile. RNA-seq expression, from a population, was collected as gene expression profile of transcriptome. Gene signature was identified through in-house processing. Blood lipid profile was as: Total Cholesterol, LDL Cholesterol, HDL Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Non-HDL-C, and TG to HDL ratio. ResultsTo evaluate the Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial molecules for anticancer activity in terms of their influence on blood lipid-profile, computational models were established for developing relationships between small molecules-vs-genotype. Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activity showed significant impact on genotypic expression at cancerous conditions. ConclusionIt was concluded that usage of Immunomodulatory small molecules & antibiotics showed their impact on blood lipid profile. These results may support cross-checking the possibility of cancer during the early detection of cancer. Furthermore, suggested the use of immunomodulatory and antimicrobial small molecules for cross evaluation of early disease prediction of different cancer types.

bioinformatics↗

bioRxiv2019

Contrasting inflammatory signatures in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar cells reveal compartment-specific effects of HIV infection.

The mechanisms by which HIV increases susceptibility to tuberculosis and other respiratory infections are incompletely understood. We used transcriptomics of paired whole bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells to compare the effect of HIV at the lung mucosal surface and in the peripheral blood. The large majority of HIV-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were specific to either the peripheral or lung mucosa compartments (1,307/1,404, 93%). Type I interferon signaling was the dominant signature of DEGs in HIV-positive blood with a less dominant and qualitatively distinct type I interferon gene set expression pattern in HIV-positive BAL. DEGs in the HIV-positive BAL were significantly enriched for infiltration with cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Higher expression of representative transcripts and proteins in BAL CD8+ T cells during HIV infection, including IFNG (IFN-{gamma}), GZMB (Granzyme B) and PDCD1 (PD-1), was confirmed by cell-subset specific transcriptional analysis and flow cytometry. Thus, we report that a whole transcriptomic approach revealed qualitatively distinct effects of HIV in blood and bronchoalveolar compartments. Further work exploring the impact of distinct type I interferon programs and CD8+ T cells infiltration of the lung mucosa during HIV infection may provide novel insights into HIV-induced susceptibility to respiratory pathogens.

immunology↗