Gut-Initiated Alpha Synuclein Fibrils Drive Parkinson's Disease Phenotypes: Temporal Mapping of non-Motor Symptoms and REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Parkinsons disease (PD) is characterized by progressive motor as well as less recognized non-motor symptoms that arise often years before motor manifestation, including sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances. Despite the heavy burden on the patients quality of life, these non-motor manifestations are poorly understood. To elucidate the temporal dynamics of the disease, we employed a mouse model involving injection of alpha-synuclein (Syn) pre-formed fibrils (PFF) in the duodenum and antrum as a gut-brain model of Parkinsonism. Using anatomical mapping of Syn-PFF propagation and behavioral and physiological characterizations, we unveil a correlation between post-injection time the temporal dynamics of Syn propagation and non-motor/motor manifestations of the disease. We highlight the concurrent presence of Syn aggregates in key brain regions, expressing acetylcholine or dopamine, involved in sleep duration, wakefulness, and particularly REM-associated atonia corresponding to REM behavioral disorder-like symptoms. This study presents a novel and in-depth exploration into the multifaceted nature of PD, unraveling the complex connections between -synucleinopathies, gut-brain connectivity, and the emergence of non-motor phenotypes. One Sentence SummaryPropagation of Syn from the gut-to-the-brain induces RBD and several non-motor and motor phenotypes of Parkinsons disease.