Biology subjects

KUSUMA, V.

Publications and source records attributed to KUSUMA, V..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2023

Optimization of extraction, Structural characterization of immunomodulatory acidic polysaccharide from Euphorbia caducifolia

Heating confluence method in combination with response surface methodology (RSM) was performed to optimize polysaccharides extraction from Euphorbia caducifolia Haines. The Box-Behnken Design was used to optimize the extraction conditions with three parameters such as temperature (A), Solid to liquid ratio (B), and time (C). The percentage yields obtained were fitted to a 2nd order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis. From the regression equation, the optimal polysaccharides extraction parameters for 2.3% of yield are Temperature-120{degrees}C, Solid to liquid ratio-75 g/L, and Time-2 h. Further, crude polysaccharide was purified and disclosed GlaUA, Rha, Glc, Gal, Xyl and Ara (1:2.5:4:3.6:3.7:3.3) ratio of poysaccharide. Thermogram of the EC polysaccharide showed typical natural polysaccharide behavior, and hydrophilic nature of polysaccharide attributed to endothermic water loss. Furthermore, purified polysaccharides exhibited strong in vitro free radical scavenging activities, reducing ability, and immunomodulatory activity by the effective production of pro-inflammatory cytokines with RAW 264.7 cells.

biochemistry↗

bioRxiv2023

Unusual starch grains from the Euphorbia caducifolia Haines

Nature has chosen the starch as a universal form for storing carbohydrate. In granule form, it is semi-crystalline, water-insoluble, dense and a ubiquitous constituent. Structure of the starch granules depends on their biological source and varies from part to part of the sources. In sequence to that, starch granules from the latex of Euphorbia caducifolia was isolated and characterized under different conditions to reveal its uniqueness in the structure. A flat dumbbell-shaped starch was notified with distinctive "maltese cross" under various microscopes. These starches are found to be high amylose contents, which resist water solubility, swelling index, and turbidity of the starches. X-Ray Diffraction studies states the presence C type pattern of crystallinity whereas typical polysaccharide spectrum was observed with ATR studies. Gelatinization of the starches remarked them as highly thermal stable and retrogradation studies failed to detect realignment of the heat disrupted amylose and amylopectin. Lintnerization of starch granules reveals the high complexity of the structure. Thus, latex starch granules from the E caducifolia are considered to be unusual because of their highly complex structure, shape and properties.

biochemistry↗

bioRxiv2023

ATR-FTIR spectra of polysaccharide isolated from Euphorbia caducifolia and its chemical modifications: A study of Principal component analysis

Polysaccharides are the carbohydrates composed of same or different types of saccharides in an organized manner with glycosidic bonds. These are useful for various industrial applications mainly in food and pharmaceutical companies. Modifications of the polysaccharides change its structure and lead to the physical as well as functional differences. Mostly, chemical methods are used to modify its structure to study the structure-activity relationship in interest towards its physical properties like solubility and biological activities among various types of molecular modifications. In this study, a polysaccharide isolated from stems of Euphorbia caducifolia and modified its structure chemically by substituting different groups by sulfonation, carboxymethylation, acetylation and phosphorylation with various degree of substitutions. Molecular modifications of the polysaccharides showed the impact on water solubility as a physiochemical property. Thus, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was employed along with a chemometric analysis, i.e., Principal components analysis (PCA) to understand and identify the chemical moieties differed from the unmodified polysaccharide. From PCA analysis, PC1 and PC2 components suffice to differentiate the modified polysaccharides with its native form.

biochemistry↗

bioRxiv2023

Purification and characterization of a novel anti-tumour galactose binding lectin from Euphorbia caducifolia latex

A galactose specific lectin was isolated from the latex of Euphorbia caducifolia to investigate the therapeutical aspects protein. Protein was purified from latex serum with two different affinity matrices and confirmed to contain 8 isoforms called isolectin with a molecular weight of 32 and 32.5 kDa. Preliminary studies state the specificity towards galactose, but its affinity with lactose is more favourable even at low concentrations. Circular spectrometry suggests the predominance {beta} conformation is high in comparison to others as like most of the other latex lectins. Haemagglutination activity of the protein with different thermal and pH ranges shows maximum activity at pH 6-8 and 60-70{degrees}C. In therapeutically, it is noticed that the galactose specific lectin showed mitogenicity with human macrophages and anti-cancer properties on human cervical cancer cells.

biochemistry↗