Biology subjects

Jun, W.

Publications and source records attributed to Jun, W..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2021

Combined application of biochar with nitrogen fertilizer improves soil quality and reduces soil respiration whilst sustaining wheat grain yield in a semiarid environment

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of biochar, straw and N fertilizer on soil properties, soil respiration and grain yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in semi-arid Western Loess Plateau of northwestern China. The two carbon sources (straw and biochar) were applied alone or combined with nitrogen fertilizer (urea, 46% nitrogen [N]), whilst the soil without carbon is made up of nitrogen fertilizer applied at 0, 50 and 100 kg N/ha. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and was conducted in 2014, 2015 and 2016 cropping season. Results showed that the greatest grain yields were found with 100 kg N ha-1 fertilization rate under biochar, straw and soils without carbon, but the greatest effect occurred on the biochar amended soils. Biochar amendment produced the greatest grain yield at 1906 kg ha-1, followed by straw treated soils at 1643 kg ha-1, and soils without carbon the lowest at 1553 kg ha-1. This results is supported by the fact that, biochar amended soils (at 0-10 cm) increased soil organic C by 17.14% and 21.65% compared to straw treated soils and soils without carbon respectively. Seasonal soil respirations were between 19.05% and 23.67% lower in BN100 compared with SN50 and CN100. Soil respiration reduced with increasing N fertilization rates under all treatments, but the greatest effect occurred on biochar plots. Biochar amended soils decreased carbon emission by 26.80% and 9.54% compared to straw treated soils and soils without carbon amendment respectively. Increased grain yield and the decreased carbon emission in BN100 translated into greater carbon emission efficiency (2.88 kg kg-1) which was significantly different compared with the other treatments. Combined application of biochar with 100 kg N ha-1 in rainfed spring wheat was a suitable agricultural practice.

ecology↗

bioRxiv2019

Networked information interactions of epileptic EEG based on symbolic transfer entropy

Identifying networked information exchanges among brain regions is important for understanding the brain structure. We employ symbolic transfer entropy to facilitate the construction of networked information interactions for EEGs of 22 epileptics and 22 healthy subjects. The epileptic patients during seizure-free interval have lower information transfer in each individual and whole brain regions than the healthy subjects. Among all of the brain regions, the information flows out of and into the brain area of O1 of the epileptic EEGs are significantly lower than those of the healthy (p<0.0005), and the information flow from F7 to F8 (p<0.00001) is particularly promising to discriminate the two groups of EEGs. Moreover, Shannon entropy of probability distributions of information exchanges suggests that the healthy EEGs have higher complexity and irregularity than the epileptic brain electrical activities. By characterizing the brain networked information interactions, our findings highlight the long-term reduced information exchanges, degree of brain interactivities and informational complexity of the epileptic EEG.

biophysics↗

bioRxiv2018

MicroRNA-205 affects mouse granulosa cell apoptosis and estradiol synthesis by targeting CREB1

MicroRNAs-205 (miR-205), were reportedly to be involved in various physiological and pathological processes, but its biological function in follicular atresia remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-205 in mouse granulosa cells (mGCs), and explored its functions in primary mGCs using a serial of in vitro experiments. The result of qRT-PCR demonstrated that miR-205 expression was significantly increased in early atretic follicles (EAF), and progressively atretic follicles (PAF) compared to healthy follicles (HF). Our results also revealed that overexpression of miR-205 in mGCs significantly promoted apoptosis, caspas-3/9 activities, and inhibited estrogen E2 release, and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A polypeptide 1 (CYP19A1, a key gene in E2 production) expression. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays revealed that the gene of cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein 1 (CREB1) was a potential target of miR-205. qRT-PCR and western blot assays revealed that overexpression of miR-205 inhibited the expression of CREB1 in mGCs. Importantly, CREB1 upregulation partially rescued the effects of miR-205 on apoptosis, caspase-3/9 activities, E2 production and CYP19A1 expression in mGCs. Our results indicate that miR-205 may play an important role in ovarian follicular development and provide new insights into follicular atresia.

evolutionary biology↗