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Htike, Y.

Publications and source records attributed to Htike, Y..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Rab11 is essential to pancreas morphogenesis, lumen formation and endocrine mass.

The molecular links between tissue-level morphogenesis and the differentiation of cell lineages in the pancreas remain elusive despite a decade of studies. We previously showed that in pancreas both these processes depend on proper lumenogenesis. The Rab GTPase Rab11 has been shown to be essential to epithelial lumen formation in vitro, however few studies have addressed its functions in vivo and none have tested its requirement in pancreas. Here, we show that Rab11 is critical to proper pancreas development. Co-deletion of the Rab11 isoforms Rab11A and Rab11B in the developing pancreatic epithelium (Rab11pancDKO) results in ~50% neonatal lethality, and surviving adult Rab11pancDKO mice exhibit defective endocrine function. Loss of Rab11 in the embryonic pancreas results in morphogenetic defects of the epithelium linked to defective lumen formation and interconnection. In contrast to wildtype cells, Rab11pancDKO cells attempt to form multiple lumens, resulting in a failure to coordinate a single apical membrane initiation site (AMIS) between groups of cells. We show that these defects are due to failures in vesicle trafficking, as apical components remain trapped within Rab11pancDKO cells. Together, these observations suggest Rab11 directly regulates epithelial lumen formation and morphogenesis. Our report links intracellular trafficking to organ morphogenesis in vivo, and presents a novel framework for decoding pancreatic development. HIGHLIGHTSO_LIRab11Af/f;Rab11B-/-;Pdx1-Cre pancreas displays disruption of epithelial organization and reduction of endocrine cell mass. C_LIO_LILoss of Rab11 results in disruption of pancreatic lumen continuity due to a failure of lumen formation. C_LIO_LIEpithelial cells lacking Rab11 display abnormal polarity. C_LI

developmental biology↗

Cyp26b1 is required for proper airway epithelial differentiation during lung development

Proper organ development depends on coordinated communication between multiple cell types. Retinoic acid (RA) is an autocrine and paracrine signaling molecule critical for the development of most organs including the lung. Both RA excess and deficiency lead to drastic alterations in embryogenesis, often culminating in embryonic or neonatal lethality. Therefore, RA levels must be spatially and temporally titrated to ensure proper organogenesis. Despite extensive work detailing the effects of RA deficiency in early lung morphogenesis, little is known about how RA levels are modulated during late lung development. Here, we investigate the role of the RA catabolizing protein Cyp26b1 in lung development. Cyp26b1 is highly enriched in lung endothelial cells (ECs) throughout the course of development. We find that loss of Cyp26b1 impacts differentiation of the distal epithelium without appreciably affecting proximal airways, EC lineages, or stromal populations. Cyp26b1-/- lungs exhibit an increase in cellular density, with an expansion of distal progenitors at the expense of alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells, which culminates in neonatal death. Exogenous administration of RA in late gestation was able to partially reproduce this defect in epithelial differentiation; however, transcriptional analyses of Cyp26b1-/- lungs and RA-treated lungs reveal separate, but overlapping, transcriptional responses. These data suggest that the defects observed in Cyp26b1-/- lungs are caused by both RA-dependent and RA-independent mechanisms. This work highlights critical cellular crosstalk during lung development involving a crucial role for Cyp26b1-expressing endothelium, and identifies a novel RA rheostat in lung development.\n\nHIGHLIGHTSO_LICyp26b1 is highly expressed in lung ECs throughout development\nC_LIO_LICyp26b1-null lungs fail to undergo proper differentiation of distal epithelium leading to an increase in progenitors and AT2 cells at the expense of AT1 cells\nC_LIO_LIFunctional and transcriptional analyses suggest both RA-dependent and RA-independent mechanisms\nC_LI

developmental biology↗