Potential impacts of insect-induced harvests in the mixed forests of New England
Forest insects and pathogens (FIPs) have significant impacts on U.S. forests, each year affecting an area nearly three times the area of wildfires and timber harvesting combined. We surveyed family forest owners (FFOs) in the northeastern U.S. and 84% of respondents indicated they would harvest in at least one of the presented FIP infestation scenarios. This harvest response represents a potentially significant shift in the timing, extent, and species selection of harvesting in the Northeast. Here we used the landowner survey, regional forest inventory data, and characteristics of the emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis) invasion to examine the potential for a rapidly spreading FIP to alter harvest regimes and affect regional forest conditions. Twenty-five percent of the FFO parcels in the Connecticut River Watershed in New England are likely to be harvested in response to EAB within 10 years. This prediction represents an increase in harvest frequencies, from 2.9%/yr (historically) to 3.7%/yr, on FFO woodlands. At typical harvest intensities, this would result in 13% of the total aboveground biomass removed through these harvests, with 81% of that biomass from species other than ash, creating a forest disturbance that is over twice the magnitude of the disturbance from EAB alone.