Biology subjects

Griffith, J. W.

Publications and source records attributed to Griffith, J. W..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2026

Induced microfold cells are required for the function of pulmonary tertiary lymphoid organs that promote mucosal immunity

Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) arise in response to infection and inflammation. We show that influenza-induced lung TLOs are comprised of inducible M cell (iM cell)-inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) functional composites. iM cells are necessary for the appropriate architecture of adjacent immune follicles, which contain clonally expanded and sequence-diversified B cells. iM cell ablation results in fewer antigen-specific germinal center B cells, T follicular helper cells, and T helper memory cells, and a decrease in secretory IgA and IgG production accompanied by a loss of viral control. We find that the iM cells arise from epithelial progenitors that respond to a RANKL signal from infiltrating T cells, consistent with a model in which the patchy inflammation typical of pneumonia results in the unpredictable and varying distribution of coupled iM cells and adjacent iBALT. We propose that iM cells could be harnessed to promote infection control and enhance mucosal vaccination.

immunology↗

bioRxiv2018

Identification of traits and functional connectivity-based neuropsychotypes of chronic pain

Psychological and personality factors, socioeconomic status, and brain properties all contribute to chronic pain but have essentially been studied independently. Here, we administered a broad battery of questionnaires to patients with chronic back pain (CBP). Clustering and network analyses revealed four orthogonal dimensions accounting for 60% of the variance, and defining chronic pain traits. Two of these traits - Pain-trait and Emote-trait - were related to back pain characteristics and could be predicted from distinct distributed functional networks in a cross-validation procedure, identifying neurotraits. These neurotraits were relatively stable in time and segregated CBP patients into subtypes showing distinct traits, pain affect, pain qualities, and socioeconomic status (neuropsychotypes). The results unravel the trait space of chronic pain leading to reliable categorization of patients into distinct types. The approach provides metrics aiming at unifying the psychology and the neurophysiology of chronic pain across diverse clinical conditions, and promotes prognostics and individualized therapeutics.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2017

Brain and psychological determinants of placebo pill response in chronic pain patients

Placebo response is universally observed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), yet these effects are commonly dismissed as consequences of uncontrollable confounds. In this prospective neuroimaging-based RCT performed in chronic back pain patients, we demonstrate that the intensity, but not quality, of pain is diminished with placebo pill ingestion. The response to placebo pills depended on brain: subcortical limbic volume asymmetry, sensorimotor cortical thickness, and functional coupling of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) with the periaqueductal grey (PAG), the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), and the precentral gyrus (PreCG); and psychological factors. All features were present before exposure to the pill; most remained stable across treatment and washout periods, although specific functional coupling between DLPFC and PAG dissipated with repeated exposure. These brain properties and specific psychological factors, such as interoceptive awareness and openness, were also predictive of the magnitude of response (continuous variable). We used machine learning in a fully cross-validated procedure and demonstrated that psychological factors were sufficient for classifying and predicting response magnitude; and response magnitude could also be predicted from a functional network (nodes mainly located in the limbic community, the DLPFC, the orbitofrontal cortex, and the temporo-parietal junction); the combined model explained 36% of the variance. Together, our results demonstrate that placebo pill analgesia observed in clinical trials depends on a combination of brain properties and specific psychological factors.

neuroscience↗