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Golumbeanu, M.

Publications and source records attributed to Golumbeanu, M..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

AnophelesModel: An R package to interface mosquito bionomics, human exposure and intervention effects with models of malaria intervention impact

In recent decades, field and semi-field studies of malaria transmission have gathered geographic-specific information about mosquito ecology, behaviour and their sensitivity to interventions. Mathematical models of malaria transmission can incorporate such data to infer the likely impact of vector control interventions and hence guide malaria control strategies in various geographies. To facilitate this process and make model predictions of intervention impact available for different geographical regions, we developed AnophelesModel. AnophelesModel is an online, open-access, R package that directly allows incorporating generated entomological data for adjustment of models to assess intervention scenarios according to species and location-specific characteristics. In addition, it includes a previously published, comprehensive, curated database of field entomological data from over 50 Anopheles species, field data on mosquito and human behaviour, and on estimates of vector control effectiveness. Using the input data, the package parameterizes a discrete-time, state transition model of the mosquito oviposition cycle and infers species-specific impacts of various interventions on vectorial capacity. In addition, it offers formatted outputs ready to use in downstream analyses and by other models of malaria transmission for accurate representation of the vector-specific components. Using AnophelesModel, we show how the key implications for intervention impact change for various vectors and locations. The package facilitates quantitative comparisons of likely intervention impacts in different geographical settings varying in vector compositions, and can thus guide towards more robust and efficient malaria control recommendations. The AnophelesModel R package is available under a GPL-3.0 license at https://github.com/SwissTPH/AnophelesModel.

ecology↗

Comparison of different genotyping techniques to distinguish recrudescence from new infection in studies assessing the efficacy of antimalarial drugs against Plasmodium falciparum

Distinguishing recrudescence from new infections is crucial for the assessment of antimalarial drug efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). Different genotyping methods are used and may impede the comparison of drug efficacy estimates in space and time, particularly in patients from high transmission settings with polyclonal infections. We compared five different genotyping methods currently used to assess their sensitivity in detecting minority clones in polyclonal infections, their robustness, and the genetic diversity of the markers used. Our study utilized four well-characterized P. falciparum laboratory strains mixed in varying ratios, and 20 paired patient samples collected from a clinical trial. We found that high-resolution capillary electrophoresis (H-CE) using length-polymorphic markers, as well as targeted amplicon deep sequencing (TADS) using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-rich markers, revealed the highest sensitivity in detecting minority clones, while also exhibiting robustness, and high genetic diversity in the used markers. Moreover, markers used by TADS gave more consistent results. We observed that microsatellites had a lower genetic diversity compared to markers such as msp1, msp2, glurp and SNP-rich markers, with some genotypes having allelic frequencies of > 30 %. The replacement of glurp by microsatellites did not result in a change in the genotyping outcome, probably due to the lower genetic diversity of microsatellites used in comparison to glurp. More studies with large sample sizes are necessary to identify the most suitable microsatellites that could replace glurp as per the latest recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) on genotyping to distinguish recrudescence from new infections in high transmission settings. Our study indicates that TADS should be considered the gold standard for genotyping to differentiate recrudescence from new infection and should be used to validate other techniques.

molecular biology↗