Live Zika virus chimeric vaccine candidate based on a yellow fever 17-D attenuated backbone
Zika virus (ZIKV) recently dispersed throughout the tropics and sub-tropics causing epidemics associated with congenital disease and neurological complications. There is currently no commercial vaccine for ZIKV. Here we describe the initial development of a chimeric virus containing the prM/E proteins of a ZIKV epidemic strain incorporated into a yellow fever 17-D attenuated backbone. Using the versatile and rapid ISA (Infectious Subgenomic Amplicons) reverse genetics method, we compared different constructs and confirmed the need to modify the cleavage site between the pre-peptide and prM protein. Genotypic characterization of the chimeras indicates that emergence of compensatory mutations in the E protein is required to restore virus replicative fitness. Using an immunocompromised mouse model, we demonstrate that mice infected with the chimeric virus produced levels of neutralizing antibodies close to those observed following infection with ZIKV and that pre-immunized mice were protected against viscerotropic and neuroinvasive virus following challenge with a heterologous strain of ZIKV. These data provide a sound basis for the future development of this ZIKV vaccine candidate.