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Biology subjects

Gambhir, P.

Publications and source records attributed to Gambhir, P..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

Septin7 is essential in early hematopoiesis, but redundant at later stages

The unique cytoskeletal protein Septin7 is generally considered to be required for cytokinesis in yeast and mammals. Whole body genetic ablation of Septin7 in mice is embryonic lethal. Septin7-deficient fibroblasts and HeLa cells are defective in cytokinesis and undergo obligate multinucleation. Surprisingly, lymphocyte- and myeloid-specific deletion of Septin7 in mice did not result in any detectable abnormalities in blood lineage development, suggesting that Septin7 is dispensable for steady-state hematopoiesis. In contrast, Septin7-deficient hematopoietic stem cells failed to engraft and establish donor chimerism following transplantation, indicating that Septin7 is essential for hematopoietic stem cell function under stress conditions. To reconcile these contradictory findings, we analyzed the effects of Septin7 deletion in hematopoietic cells from mice with either pan-hematopoietic or lymphoid lineage-specific Septin7 deletion. Our results demonstrate that Cre-induced deletion of the floxed Septin7 allele is inefficient during the early stages of hematopoiesis, suggesting strong selection pressure against Septin7 deficiency at this stage. In contrast, deletion of Septin7 at the common lymphoid progenitor stage, as well as in Hoxb8-immortalized hematopoietic progenitors, is efficient and does not result in any noticeable defects in cell division. Taken together, our findings indicate that Septin7 is essential during early hematopoiesis but becomes dispensable at later stages.

biochemistry↗

Methylglyoxal controls tomato fruit ripening by regulating ethylene biosynthesis

Methylglyoxal (MG), a toxic compound produced as a byproduct in several cellular processes such as respiration and photosynthesis, is well investigated for its deleterious effects, mainly through glycation of proteins during plant stress responses. However, very little is known about its impact on fruit ripening. In the present study, we report that MG levels are maintained at high level in green tomato fruits, which declines during fruit ripening inspite of a respiratory burst during this transition. We demonstrate that this decline is mainly mediated by glutathione-dependent MG detoxification pathway and primarily catalyzed by glyoxalase enzyme encoded by SlGLY14 gene. SlGLYI4 is a direct target of MADS-RIN and is induced during fruit ripening. Silencing of this gene leads to drastic MG overaccumulation at ripening-stages in the transgenic fruits and interferes with the ripening process. Further investigations show that MG plausibly glycates and inhibits key enzymes such as methionine synthase (MS) and S-adenosyl methionine synthase (SAMS) of ethylene biosynthesis pathway, thereby indirectly affecting fruit pigmentation and cell was metabolism. MG overaccumulation in several non-ripening or inhibited- ripening tomato mutant fruits suggests the tightly regulated MG detoxification process is crucial for normal ripening program. Overall, we underpin a SlGLYI4-mediated novel regulatory mechanism of MG detoxification controlling fruit ripening in tomato.

plant biology↗

A ripening-associated ethylene response factor ERF.D7 activates ARF2 orthologs to regulate tomato fruit ripening

Despite the obligatory nature of ethylene to climacteric fruit ripening and the identification of 77 Ethylene Response Factors (ERFs) in the tomato genome, the role of only limited ERFs has been validated in the ripening process. Here, using a comprehensive morpho-physiological, molecular and biochemical approach, we demonstrate the regulatory role of SlERF.D7 in tomato fruit ripening. The expression of SlERF.D7 positively responds to exogenous ethylene and auxin treatments, most likely in a RIN-independent manner. Overexpression of SlERF.D7 promotes ripening and its silencing has the opposite effects. Alterations in its expression modulated ethylene production, pigment accumulation, and fruit firmness. Consistently, genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signalling, lycopene biosynthesis, and cell wall loosening were upregulated in the overexpression lines and downregulated in RNAi lines. These transgenic lines also accumulated altered levels of IAA at late-breaker stages. A positive correlation between ARF2 orthologs transcripts and SlERF.D7 mRNA levels and the fact that ARF2A and ARF2B are direct targets of SlERF.D7 underpinned the perturbed auxin-ethylene crosstalk for the altered ripening program observed in the transgenic fruits. Overall, this study uncovers that SlERF.D7 positively regulates SlARF2A/B abundance to amalgamate auxin and ethylene signalling pathways for controlling tomato fruit ripening. HighlightThe present study identifies a new ripening regulator, SlERF.D7, that controls tomato fruit ripening by activating other known-ripening regulators, SlARF2A and SlARF2B.

plant biology↗