Biology subjects

Freedman, L.

Publications and source records attributed to Freedman, L..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2019

Patterns and predictors of Staphylococcus aureus carriage during the first year of life; a longitudinal study

ObjectivesTo determine the patterns of S. aureus carriage in the first year of life, its determinants and dynamics of transmission between mothers and infants.\n\nMethodsProspective longitudinal cohort study of S. aureus carriage among mothers and their infants. Monthly screenings from pregnancy/birth through the first year of the infants life. Medical and lifestyle data was collected. Infant S. aureus carriage was detected by rectal and nasal swabs and maternal carriage by nasal swabs. Multivariate analysis and an NLMixed model were used to determine predictors of carriage and S. aureus persistence.\n\nResults130 S. aureus carrier women and their 132 infants were included in the study. 93% of the infants acquired S. aureus sometime during the first year of life, 64% of them acquired the maternal strain, mostly (66%) during the first month of life. 70 women (52.50%) and 17 infants (14%) carried S. aureus persistently. Early acquisition of S. aureus carriage was associated with longer duration of initial carriage and was the most significant predictor of S. aureus persistence, while day-care center attendance was negatively associated with persistent carriage.\n\nConclusionsEarly acquisition of S. aureus, mostly from the mother, is an important determinant of carriage persistence in infancy.

epidemiology↗

bioRxiv2017

Reproducibility2020: Progress and Priorities

The preclinical research process is a cycle of idea generation, experimentation, and reporting of results. The biomedical research community relies on the reproducibility of published discoveries to create new lines of research and to translate research findings into therapeutic applications. Since 2012, when scientists from Amgen reported that they were able to reproduce only 6 of 53 \"landmark\" preclinical studies, the biomedical research community began discussing the scale of the reproducibility problem and developing initiatives to address critical challenges. GBSI released the \"Case for Standards\" in 2013, one of the first comprehensive reports to address the rising concern of irreproducible biomedical research. Further attention was drawn to issues that limit scientific self-correction including reporting and publication bias, underpowered studies, lack of open access to methods and data, and lack of clearly defined standards and guidelines in areas such as reagent validation. To evaluate the progress made towards reproducibility since 2013, GBSI identified and examined initiatives designed to advance quality and reproducibility. Through this process, we identified key roles for funders, journals, researchers and other stakeholders and recommended actions for future progress. This paper describes our findings and conclusions.

scientific communication and education↗