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Biology subjects

Fourie, B.

Publications and source records attributed to Fourie, B..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Experimentally assessing the role of foraging encounters on social partner choice in a kin-biased bird society

Kin-based social environments are often characterized by prolonged parent-offspring associations and limited dispersal in at least one sex, leading to groups composed of kin as social partners. These high rates of social interactions among relatives in cooperative societies make it difficult to distinguish whether social partner choice is driven by kinship or by repeated encounters with individuals situated at proximity. Here, we experimentally increased the number of foraging encounters among non-kin at a custom feeder setup in the sociable weaver (Philetairus socius), a colonial, cooperatively breeding bird with a kin-based social structure. Individuals encouraged to forage more frequently with non-relatives subsequently developed stronger foraging associations with non-kin at separate, unrestricted feeders. These findings show that repeated opportunities for interaction can promote non-kin social associations even within a kin-based society, contributing to the understanding of proximate mechanisms that underlie social structure.

animal behavior and cognition↗

Inflammatory Biomarkers of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Tuberculosis

A large proportion of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) are asymptomatic. The biological and inflammatory underpinnings of asymptomatic TB are unknown and may differ from symptomatic TB. We characterised blood transcriptomic and proteomic profiles in South African community screening vs. health facility-based triage cohorts. Asymptomatic TB shared core transcriptomic and proteomic features with symptomatic TB, including upregulation of innate, interferon and inflammatory pathways and downregulation of T and B cell pathways. Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic data from asymptomatic TB individuals identified two distinct sub-clusters characterized by higher or lower bacterial burden, blood IFN-{gamma} responses, BMI, and chest radiographic abnormalities, suggesting different disease severity. We identified a new blood transcriptomic signature of asymptomatic TB. However, diagnostic performance of transcriptomic and proteomic markers was weaker for asymptomatic TB than symptomatic TB, suggesting that policy development for community-based, asymptomatic TB screening should not adopt biomarkers developed for symptomatic TB triage without further optimization.

immunology↗